tailieunhanh - Ebook Frontiers in aquaculture biotechnology: Part 2

Part 2 book "Frontiers in aquaculture biotechnology" includes content: Principles of genome editing and its applications in fisheries; ultraviolet-B radiation, a potential threat to the aquatic organisms, and its mitigation; applications of biotechnology in aquaculture nutrition and fisheries; fish DNA barcoding - advances and challenges; recent advances in marine biotechnology; seaweed biotechnology implications to aquaculture and other contents. | Chapter 11 Principles of genome editing and its applications in fisheries Muntazir Mushtaq1 and Kutubuddin A. Molla2 1 ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi India 2ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack Odisha India 1. Introduction Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food-production sectors and is speedily establishing itself as the chief source of seafood for human and animal nutrition. Selective breeding techniques allow for genetic improvement and production at- tributes like resistance to disease but improvement is limited due to the trait heritability of genes and the species generation gap. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat CRISPR CRISPR-associated protein 9 Cas9 emediated genome editing GE technology offers one of the most effective ways to speed up genetic gain in aquaculture. GE can make advantageous alterations to the genome at a quicker rate producing new alleles integrating alleles from diverse species or strains or correcting alleles at trait governing loci. Most aquaculture species have great fertility and external fertilization can facilitate GE for study and application conceivable at a scale not feasible in cultured land mammals. Food security along with an increasing need for high-quality animal protein is a major and growing concern. Crop and animal production will be severely limited due to competition for land utilization 1 . As a result aquaculture is projected to play a major part in satisfying this expanding nutrition and food requirement. Upscaling and increasing production dependability will necessitate disruptive technologies in engineering health nutrition and genetic enhancement. Better use of existing genetic resources is required for the development of more effective aquaculture. This additionally includes substantial genetic information in selective breeding methods like marker-assisted breeding. Genome modification like insertion deletion or single base alteration is all .