tailieunhanh - Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review (Volume 42) - Chapter 2

Dimethylsulphoxide ((CH3) 2SO; DMSO) xảy ra tự nhiên trong môi trường biển và nước ngọt, nước mưa, và bầu khí quyển. Nó được cho là một hợp chất thân thiện với môi trường quan trọng vì vai trò tiềm năng đóng trong chu trình sinh địa hoá của khí theo dõi về khí hậu hoạt động, dimethylsulphide (DMS). Nói chung nó đã được giả định rằng oxidations quang và vi khuẩn của DMS để DMSO đại diện chính của hợp chất này và các bồn nước đáng kể cho DMS trong môi trường biển. Ngược lại, nó cũng đã được. | THE ROLE OF DIMETHYLSULPHOXIDE IN THE MARINE BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE OF DIMETHYLSULPHIDE ANGELA D. HATTON 1 LOUISE DARROCH2 GILL MALIN2 1Scottish Association for Marine Science Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Oban Argyll PA37 1QA . 2School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ . E-mail Abstract Dimethylsulphoxide CH3 2SO DMSO occurs naturally in marine and freshwater environments rainwater and the atmosphere. It is thought to be an environmentally significant compound due to the potential role it plays in the biogeochemical cycle of the climatically active trace gas dimethylsulphide DMS . Generally it has been assumed that the photochemical and bacterial oxidations of DMS to DMSO represent major sources of this compound and significant sinks for DMS in the marine environment. Conversely it has also been suggested that DMSO may be a potential source for oceanic DMS. Recent research has improved understanding of the origin and fate of DMSO in sea water although it seems likely that the full role this compound may play in the marine sulphur cycle has still to be elucidated. The methods available for determining DMSO in aqueous samples and current knowledge of the distribution of DMSO in marine waters are reviewed. Mechanisms for DMSO production and loss pathways are also considered as well as the possible role this compound may play in the cycling of DMS and global climate. Introduction Dimethylsulphoxide DMSO the simplest of the homologous series of organic sulphoxides is well known for its unique solvent properties David 1972 and is produced either as a waste product of the papermaking industry or commercially by oxidation of dimethylsulphide DMS with dinitrogen tetroxide Robbins 1961 . It is a colourless strongly hygroscopic nonvolatile liquid that has a boiling point at 189 C and a melting point at C. Among its many applications DMSO is widely used in cell biology and is well known as a cryoprotectant