tailieunhanh - Preliminary analysis of an integral Small Modular Reactor operating in a submerged containment

This work addresses the conceptual design of a submerged nuclear power plant, where a horizontal cylindrical hull, placed on the floor of a sea or an artificial lake, hosts an integral pressurized Small Modular Reactor (SMR). | Progress in Nuclear Energy 107 2018 90 99 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Progress in Nuclear Energy journal homepage locate pnucene Preliminary analysis of an integral Small Modular Reactor operating in a T submerged containment Marco Santinello Marco Ricotti Politecnico di Milano Dept. of Energy - CeSNEF-Nuclear Engineering Division Via La Masa 34 20156 Milano Italy A R T I C LE I N FO A B S T R A C T Keywords This work addresses the conceptual design of a submerged nuclear power plant where a horizontal cylindrical Submerged SMR hull placed on the floor of a sea or an artificial lake hosts an integral pressurized Small Modular Reactor SMR . Integral PWR A scaled version of the International Reactor Innovative and Secure IRIS that matches the requirements of the Passive safety submerged containment is here proposed providing a preliminary sizing of the primary components. Based on the presence of a large water reservoir sea or lake acting as a permanent heat sink a basic fully passive safety strategy has been developed and its principles have been investigated by means of the numerical simulation of a Station Black-Out SBO scenario. The outcomes show that natural circulation flows in the primary circuit and in the Emergency Heat Removal System EHRS can provide a very effective heat transfer capability from the fuel rods to the external water. The submerged reactor design owns very interesting safety features which inherently prevent from the Fukushima-like scenarios . Loss Of Offsite Power LOOP and a Loss of Ultimate Heat Sink LUHS thus representing a noticeable improvement for a next generation nuclear reactor. However some critical issues for the deployment of such a concept are also identified and briefly discussed. 1. Introduction the nuclear industry. Those nuclear reactors operate in a containment moored on the floor of a sea or an artificial lake Fig. 1 and the power Emergency cooling during Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident .