tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Stand biometry and leaf area distribution in an old olive grove at Andria, southern Italy"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Stand biometry and leaf area distribution in an old olive grove at Andria, southern Italy. | Ann. For. Sci. 64 2007 491-501 INRA EDP Sciences 2007 DOI forest 2007026 Available online at Original article Stand biometry and leaf area distribution in an old olive grove at Andria southern Italy Jan CERMAKa Jan GASPAREKa Francesca De LORENZIb Hamlyn G. JONESc a Institute of Forest Ecology Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Zemedelska 3 CZ 61300 Brno Czech Republic b Institute for Mediterraean Agicultural and Forest Systems ISAFOM-CNE Via Patacca 85 80056 Ercolano NA Italy c Division of Environmental and Applied Biology University of Dundee at SCRI Scottish Crop Research Institute Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA United Kingdom Received 26 June 2006 accepted 26 January 2007 Abstract - The objectives of this paper were 1 to provide general biometry data for an 80-year-old olive Olea europea L. cv. Coratina grove in Andria southern Italy and 2 to compare different methods for estimating leaf area distributions. Stand biometry was represented by a stocking density of 132 trees ha-1 mean spacing of m and mean social area proportional to spacing and tree size of about 76 m2 per tree. Trunk total circumference averaged 110 cm and after subtraction of missing or dead parts of stems averaged 81 cm projected area of crowns averaged m2 and the mean tree height was m. Leaf distribution was evaluated using calibrated ground-based side photographs through image analysis and through using a simple canopy-layer model considering hollow volume within tree crowns and double-Gaussian curves. The mean leaf size was about 5 cm2 distributed in a log-normal manner over the range of 2 to 12 cm2 . Considering whole tree crowns the mean leaf density was about m2m-3 the maximum leaf area occurred in canopy layers between to 3 m tailing with a steeper slope to the crown base and a less steep slope to the tree-top. The foliated volume of olive crowns mean m3 contained on average 145 thousand leaves of the total area of m2. The