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Báo cáo khoa học: " mechanical determination of the constituents of german substantive compounds"

The MT process comprises four distinctive sub-processes called the input, the identification of input forms, the translation process proper and the output. Initially certain linguistic phenomena seemed likely to prevent the complete mechanization of the identification process. The problem is the following. | Mechanical Translation vol.2 no.1 July 1955 pp. 3-14 3 Mechanical determination of the constituents of german substantive compounds Erwin Reifler Far Eastern Department University of Washington Seattle The MT process comprises four distinctive sub-processes called the input the identification of input forms the translation process proper and the output. Initially certain linguistic phenomena seemed likely to prevent the complete mechanization of the identification process. The problem is the following. Identification presupposes a record of things remembered with which everything to be identified is compared. An essential feature of all MT systems will be the mechanical memory which corresponds to the bi-lingual dictionary plus the knowledge at the disposal of the human translator. The head entries of this memory will consist of individual free and bound forms and idiomatic sequences. All input units whether they be words portions of words or groups of words will first have to be identified with their memory equivalents before their output equivalents can be determined mechanically. Many important languages include large numbers of compound words which though they are mostly of low frequency are essential for understanding the context in which they occur. These compound words are made up of a comparatively small number of constituents many of which also occur as free forms of higher frequency. German examples of the latter are Hoch high and gefithl feeling in Hochgefuhl exalted feeling and mittag noon in Nachmittag afternoon Nach after in Nachmittag is an example of a very high frequency constituent. It is natural to think of economizing coding and access time by excluding large and in fact continuously increasing numbers of compounds from the mechanical memory and adding instead the comparatively few constituents which are productive that is are found in more than one compound and do not occur as free forms. An example is German seitig -sided in einseitig .