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Báo cáo y học: "The coming-of-age of the hygiene hypothesis"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài:"The coming-of-age of the hygiene hypothesis. | Available online http respiratory-research.eom content 2 3 129 Commentary The coming-of-age of the hygiene hypothesis Fernando D Martinez The Respiratory Sciences Center University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA Correspondence Fernando D Martinez MD 1501 N Campbell Avenue Suite 2349 Tucson AZ 85725-5030 USA. Tel 1 520 626 5954 fax 1 520 626 6623 e-mail fernando@resp-sci.arizona.edu Received 22 December 2000 Revisions requested 23 January 2001 Revisions received 27 February 2001 Accepted 5 March 2001 Published 2 April 2001 Respir Res 2001 2 129-132 2001 BioMed Central Ltd Print ISSN 1465-9921 Online ISSN 1465-993X Abstract The hygiene hypothesis as originally proposed postulated an inverse relation between the incidence of infectious diseases in early life and the subsequent development of allergies and asthma. New evidence from epidemiological biological and genetic studies has significantly enlarged the scope of the hypothesis. It now appears probable that environmental danger signals regulate the pattern of immune responses in early life. Microbial burden in general and not any single acute infectious illness is the main source of these signals. The latter interact with a sensitive and complex receptor system and genetic variations in this receptor system may be an important determinant of inherited susceptibility to asthma and allergies. Keywords atopy CD14 endotoxin genetics hygiene Introduction There is now convincing evidence indicating that the prevalence of allergic diseases in general and of asthma in particular is on the rise in high income societies 1 . Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain these increases but the most widely discussed and the most controversial is the so-called hygiene hypothesis 2 3 . This hypothesis was first enunciated in quite straightforward terms the Western lifestyle has succeeded in markedly decreasing the incidence of infections in early life and these infections may have a protective effect on the subsequent development