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Báo cáo y học: "Immune regulation of bone loss by Th17 cells"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Immune regulation of bone loss by Th17 cells. | Available online http arthritis-research.eom content 10 5 225 Review Immune regulation of bone loss by Th17 cells Iannis E Adamopoulos and Edward P Bowman Department of Immunology Schering Plough Biopharma 901 California Avenue Palo Alto CA 94304 USA Corresponding author Iannis E Adamopoulos iannis.adamopoulos@spcorp.com Published 17 October 2008 This article is online at http arthritis-research.com content 10 5 225 2008 BioMed Central Ltd Arthritis Research Therapy 2008 10 225 doi 10.1186 ar2502 Abstract A significant macrophage and T-cell infiltrate commonly occurs in inflammatory joint conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis that have significant bone destruction. Cytokines produced by activated macrophages and T cells are implicated in arthritis pathogenesis and are involved in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The scope of the present review is to analyze current knowledge and to provide a better understanding of how macrophage-derived factors promote the differentiation of a novel T-helper subset Th17 that promotes osteoclast formation and activation. Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis RA is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by immune dysregulation. The cause remains unknown but environmental and genetic factors are believed to contribute to RA development. RA is characterized by joint inflammation initially resulting in pain and swelling and in a majority of the patients there is bone and cartilage erosion. The goal of current treatment regimens is to control inflammation and to retard the progression of structural damage of the joint bone structure as measured by X-ray analysis. The RA joint synovial fluid and synovium contain a variety of hematopoeitic cells that are in direct proximity with the articular cartilage and underlying bone and that contribute to the joint-destructive process. The present review will focus upon the bone-degrading cell the osteoclast and on how different T-cell subsets and their signature cytokines positively and negatively