tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " Network, degeneracy and bow tie. Integrating paradigms and architectures to grasp the complexity of the immune system"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Network, degeneracy and bow tie. Integrating paradigms and architectures to grasp the complexity of the immune system. | Tieri et al. Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2010 7 32 http content 7 1 32 THEORETICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL MODELLING RESEARCH Open Access Network degeneracy and bow tie. Integrating paradigms and architectures to grasp the complexity of the immune system 13 14 1 1 Paolo Tieri Andrea Grignolio Alexey Zaikin Michele Mishto Daniel Remondini Gastone C Castellani Claudio Franceschi1 2 Correspondence 1Interdept. Center Luigi Galvani for Bioinformatics Biophysics and Biocomplexity CIG University of Bologna Via F. Selmi 3 40126 Bologna Italy 2 BioMed Central Abstract Recently the network paradigm an application of graph theory to biology has proven to be a powerful approach to gaining insights into biological complexity and has catalyzed the advancement of systems biology. In this perspective and focusing on the immune system we propose here a more comprehensive view to go beyond the concept of network. We start from the concept of degeneracy one of the most prominent characteristic of biological complexity defined as the ability of structurally different elements to perform the same function and we show that degeneracy is highly intertwined with another recently-proposed organizational principle . bow tie architecture . The simultaneous consideration of concepts such as degeneracy bow tie architecture and network results in a powerful new interpretative tool that takes into account the constructive role of noise stochastic fluctuations and is able to grasp the major characteristics of biological complexity . the capacity to turn an apparently chaotic and highly dynamic set of signals into functional information. Background - the complexity of the immune system The vertebrate immune system IS is the result of a long evolutionary history and has a fundamental role in host defence against bacteria viruses and parasites. It comprises a variety of proteins and other molecules cell types and organs which interact intensely .