tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " Giant cell arteritis: immune and vascular aging as disease risk factors"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Giant cell arteritis: immune and vascular aging as disease risk factors. | Mohan et al. Arthritis Research Therapy 2011 13 231 http content 13 4 231 REVIEW Giant cell arteritis immune and vascular aging as disease risk factors Shalini V Mohan Y Joyce Liao Jonathan W Kim Jorg J Goronzy and Cornelia M Weyand Abstract Susceptibility for giant cell arteritis increases with chronological age in parallel with age-related restructuring of the immune system and age-induced remodeling of the vascular wall. Immunosenescence results in shrinkage of the naive T-cell pool contraction of T-cell diversity and impairment of innate immunity. Aging of immunocompetent cells forces the host to take alternative routes for protective immunity and confers risk for pathogenic immunity that causes chronic inflammatory tissue damage. Dwindling immunocompetence is particularly relevant as the aging host is forced to cope with an ever growing infectious load. Immunosenescence coincides with vascular aging during which the arterial wall undergoes dramatic structural changes and medium and large arteries lose their pliability and elasticity. On the molecular level elastic fibers deteriorate and matrix proteins accumulate biochemical modifications. Thus the aging process impacts the two major biologic systems that liaise to promote giant cell arteritis the immune system and the vessel wall niche. Introduction Giant cell arteritis GCA is a granulomatous disease that displays tissue tropism for large and medium arteries manifesting as aortitis and vasculitis of the second to fifth branches of the aorta 1 . Granulomatous lesions are typically localized in the wall layers of the affected arteries extra-vascular GCA is rare and likely represents a distinct entity. The arteritis is almost always combined with intense systemic inflammation and a powerful acute phase response. Similar to other inflammatory syndromes Correspondence cweyand@ Department of Medicine Division of Immunology and Rheumatology and the Department of Ophthalmology .