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Week 5 - Syntactic and semantic role of clause elements (with key)

Tham khảo bài thuyết trình 'week 5 - syntactic and semantic role of clause elements (with key)', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | The simple sentence Nguyễn Hồng Diệu HULIS VNU (cont.) Syntactic features of clause elements A SUBJECT Is normally a NP or a clause with nominal function Occurs before the VP in declarative clauses, and immediately after the operator in questions Has number and person concord, where applicable, with the VP An OBJECTIVE (Od or Oi) Is a NP or clause with nominal function Normally follows the S and the VP Assumes the status of S by the passive transformation The Oi precedes the Od and is semantically equivalent to a prepositional phrase Syntactic features of clause elements A COMPLEMENT Is a NP, and Adj phrase, or a clause with nominal function Has a co-referential relation with S or O Follows the S, VP, and O Does NOT become S through the passive transformation An ADVERBIAL Is and Adv phrase, adverbial clause, NP, or prepositional phrase Is generally capable of occurring in more than one position in the clause Is generally optional (may be added to or removed from a sentence without affecting its acceptability), except for the obligatory adverbial or the SVA and SVOA patterns Semantic roles of clause elements Subject Object Complement Can you comment on the role of the Subjects in the following sentences? John opened the door. The wind opened the door. The door opened. John has a big house. This hall can hold about eighty students. Today is April Fool’s Day. The March Melody live show was on March 28th. It is getting hotter and hotter. Agentive (most typical) Instrumental Affected Recipient Locative Temporal Eventive ‘Empty’ It Semantic roles of SUBJECT Agentive Subject Animate causer of the happening John opened the door. (The most typical semantic role of a subject is AGENTIVE; that is, the animate being instigating or causing the happening denoting by the verb) Instrumental Subject Inanimate causer of the happening The wind opened the door. The unwitting (generally inanimate) material cause of an event Affected Subject One being affected by the event The door . | The simple sentence Nguyễn Hồng Diệu HULIS VNU (cont.) Syntactic features of clause elements A SUBJECT Is normally a NP or a clause with nominal function Occurs before the VP in declarative clauses, and immediately after the operator in questions Has number and person concord, where applicable, with the VP An OBJECTIVE (Od or Oi) Is a NP or clause with nominal function Normally follows the S and the VP Assumes the status of S by the passive transformation The Oi precedes the Od and is semantically equivalent to a prepositional phrase Syntactic features of clause elements A COMPLEMENT Is a NP, and Adj phrase, or a clause with nominal function Has a co-referential relation with S or O Follows the S, VP, and O Does NOT become S through the passive transformation An ADVERBIAL Is and Adv phrase, adverbial clause, NP, or prepositional phrase Is generally capable of occurring in more than one position in the clause Is generally optional (may be added to or removed from a sentence without .