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Lecture Business: A changing world - Chapter 10: Motivating the work force

After reading this chapter, you will be able to: Define human relations and determine why its study is important; summarize early studies that laid the groundwork for understanding employee motivation; compare and contrast the human-relations theories of Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg;. | Chapter Ten Motivating the Work Force Human Relations The study of the behaviour of individuals and groups in organizational settings. 10-1 The Motivation Process 10-2 More money for unexpected medical expenses Need Ask for a raise Work harder to gain a promotion Look for a higher-paying job Steal More money Goal-directed behaviour Need Satisfaction Worker Satisfaction More Older Workers Are Satisfied with Their Current Employers Age % Satisfied under age 35 58% 35 - 54 70% 55 and older 93% 10-3 Source: CDB Research & Consulting from USA Today Snapshot, October 7, 1998. Historical Perspectives on Employee Motivation Classical Theory of Motivation (Frederick W. Taylor) The Hawthorne Studies (Elton Mayo) 10-4 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 10-5 Source: adapted from Abraham H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychology Review 50 (1943): 370-396. Self- Actualization Needs Esteem Needs Social Needs Security Needs Physiological Needs Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Company | Chapter Ten Motivating the Work Force Human Relations The study of the behaviour of individuals and groups in organizational settings. 10-1 The Motivation Process 10-2 More money for unexpected medical expenses Need Ask for a raise Work harder to gain a promotion Look for a higher-paying job Steal More money Goal-directed behaviour Need Satisfaction Worker Satisfaction More Older Workers Are Satisfied with Their Current Employers Age % Satisfied under age 35 58% 35 - 54 70% 55 and older 93% 10-3 Source: CDB Research & Consulting from USA Today Snapshot, October 7, 1998. Historical Perspectives on Employee Motivation Classical Theory of Motivation (Frederick W. Taylor) The Hawthorne Studies (Elton Mayo) 10-4 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 10-5 Source: adapted from Abraham H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychology Review 50 (1943): 370-396. Self- Actualization Needs Esteem Needs Social Needs Security Needs Physiological Needs Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Company policies Supervision Working conditions Salary Security Motivational Factors Achievement Recognition The work itself Responsibility Advancement 10-6 Theory X and Theory Y Theory X Management view that assumes workers generally dislike work and must be forced to do their jobs. Theory Y Management view that assumes workers like to work and under proper conditions, employees will seek responsibility to satisfy social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. 10-7 Comparison of North American, Japanese, and Theory Z Management Styles 10-8a Source: Adapted from William Ouchi, Theory Z How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge, p. 58. © 1981 by Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Comparison of North American, Japanese, and Theory Z Management Styles 10-8b Source: Adapted from William Ouchi, Theory Z How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge, p. 58. © 1981 by Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, .