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Training package "SENSORIC" Manual for theory

The documentation is not only to aid the further education programme, but is also suitable for self study. The theory presented covering the fundamental physical principles, method of operation, type and possible uses of the sensors has been designed for use with the training case but could be used independently to study the application of sensors in automaticcontrol. | K O Training package SENSORIC Manual for theory PEPPERL FUCHS K 0 E G 1 Introduction 2 Inductive Sensors 2.1 Fundamental Principles 2.1.1 Basic Construction 2.1.2 Reduction Factor 2.1.3 Coil Size and Sensing Range 2.1.4 Installation Problems 2.1.4.1 Housing 2.1.4.2 Flush Mounting 2.1.5 Electronic Circuit 2.2 Types 2.21 Cylindrical and Rectangular proximity switches 2.2.1.1 Definitions 2.2.2 Slotted Types 2.2.3 Ring Types 2.2.4 Bistable Switches 2.2.5 Sensors for use in Welding Magnetic Fields 2.2.6 Sensors to distinguish between different materials 2.2.7 Inductive Analogue Sensors 2.3 Interfaces for Inductive Proximity Switches 2.3.1 Electrical Types and their Positive Effects 2.3.1.1 Direct Current Switches 2.3.1.2 Alternating and All voltage Switches 2.3.1.3 Sensors to DIN 19234 NAMUR 2.3.2 Protected and Safety Switches 2.3.2.1 Reverse Polarity and Over Voltage Protection 2.3.2.2 Overload Protection 2.3.2.3 Safety Circuits 2.3.3 Loads and their Characteristics 2.3.4 Bus Connection 2.4 Manufacturing Technology 2.5 Applications 1 PEPPERL FUCHS Kolleg GmbH Konigsberger Allee 87 68301 Mannheim K 0 L L E G 3 Capacitive Sensors 3.1 Fundamental Principles 3.1.1 Sensor Construction 3.1.2 Sensitivity 3.1.3 Reduction Factor 3.2 Practical Model 3.2.1 RC Oscillator 3.2.2 Interference Suppression 3.2.2.1 Interference Effects 3.2.2.2 Contamination Compensation 3.2.2.3 Cutting out Interference Pulses 3.3.3 Models 3.3 Applications 4 Ultrasonic Sensors 4.1 Fundamental Principles 4.1.1 Propagation of Sound Waves in Air 4.1.2 Generation of Ultrasonic Waves 4.1.2.1 Electrostatic Converter 4.1.2.2 Bending Oscillator 4.1.2.3 Membrane Oscillator 4.1.2.4 L 4- Oscillator 4.2 P F- Oscillator 4.3 Methods of Operation 4.4 Distance Measuring Ultrasonic Sensors 4.5 Ultrasonic Sensors in Through-Beam Mode 4.6 Possible Errors in distance measurements with Ultrasonic Sensors 4.7 Operating Conditions 4.8 Sensor Types 4.9 Applications 2 PEPPERL FUCHS Kolleg GmbH Konigsberger Allee 87 68301 .