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Báo cáo khoa học: "TWO TYPES OF PLANNING IN LANGUAGE GENERATION"

As our understanding of natural language generation has increased, a number of tasks have been separated from realization and put together under the heading atext planning I . So far, however, no-one has enumerated the kinds of tasks a text planner should be able to do. This paper describes the principal lesson learned in combining a number of planning tasks in a planner-realiser: planning and realization should be interleaved, in a limited-commitment planning paradigm, to perform two types of p]annlng: prescriptive and restrictive. . | TWO TYPES OF PLANNING IN LANGUAGE GENERATION Eduard H. Hovy USC Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admừalty Way Suite 1001 Marina del Rey CA 90292-6695 U.S.A. HOVY@VAXA.ISI.EDU Abstract As our understanding of natural language generation has increased a number of tasks have been separated from realization and put together under the heading text planning1 . So far however no-one has enumerated the kinds of tasks a text planner should be able to do. This paper describes the principal lesson learned in combining a number of planning tasks in a planner-realizer planning and realization should be interleaved in a limited-commitment planning paradigm to perform two types of planning prescriptive and restrictive. Limited-commitment planning consists of both prescriptive hierarchical expansion planning and of restrictive planning selecting from options with reference to the status of active goals . At present existing text planners use prescriptive plans exclusively. However a large class of planner tasks especially those concerned with the pragmatic non-literal content of text such as style and slant is most easily performed under restrictive planning. The kinds of tasks suited to each planning style are listed and a program that uses both styles is described. 1 Introduction PAULINE Planning And Uttering Language In Natural Envừonments is a language generation program that is able to realize a given input in a number of different ways depending on how its pragmatic interpersonal and situation-specific This work was done while the author was at the Yale University Computer Science Department New Haven This work was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency monitored by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-82-K-0149. It was also supported by AFOSR contract F49620-87-C-0005. goals are set by the user. The program consists of over 12 000 lines of T a dialect of LISP developed at Yale University. PAULINE addresses simultaneously a wider range of