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Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 4

Tự động hóa của một hoặc nhiều bước trong việc phân tích mẫu môi trường, cho dù đó là mẫu chuẩn bị giải thể / giai đoạn, giai đoạn xác định, hoặc đơn giản là collation / báo cáo kết quả, được chấp nhận là cần thiết trong nhiều phòng thí nghiệm hiện đại. Dài hạn so sánh các phương pháp thủ công và tự động cho chương trình phân tích chất dinh dưỡng đều cho kết quả tương tự (Nausch năm 1997). Thủ tục phân tích tự động, tuy nhiên, cung cấp rất nhiều lợi thế. . | 4 Continuous-Flow Flow-Injection and Discrete Analysis Anthony C. Edwards The Macaulay Institute Aberdeen Scotland Malcolm S. Cresser The University of York York England Keith A. Smith The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland Albert Scott Scottish Agricultural College Edinburgh Scotland I. INTRODUCTION Automation of one or more steps in the analysis of environmental samples whether it be the sample preparation dissolution stage the determination stage or simply the collation reporting of results is accepted as essential in many modern laboratories. Long-term comparisons of manual and automated methods for nutrient analysis show that both give similar results Nausch 1997 . Automated analytical procedures however offer numerous advantages. These include the reduced possibility of procedural errors perhaps through a momentary lapse in concentration capability for multielement or multispecies analysis small sample volume requirement and the possibility of inclusion within a laboratory information management system LIMS whereby samples are identified automatically throughout the analytical procedure. Automated instruments used in seawater surveys for example may produce vast quantities of data and Copyright n 2004 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. in such cases fully automated data handling may be deemed essential Whitehouse and Preston 1997 . Since the previous edition of this book was written the choice of commercially available automated analyzers has widened with improvements being made in the sample throughput detector systems and data handling aspects. There is an increasing requirement for equipment that can be sited remotely and a variety of automated systems capable of unattended operation have been developed. The increased access to affordable computing capacity has meant that many new systems are totally reliant upon a computer for data capture subsequent processing and control of the analytical console. Computer technology has increased the .