tailieunhanh - Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques - Chapter 5

Ion sắc ký (IC) là một thuật ngữ mô tả những tiến bộ trong việc xác định các ion. Nó đã trở thành một lĩnh vực riêng của mình kể từ khi được giới thiệu của mình bằng cách nhỏ et al. (1975). Trong vòng 20 năm qua, nghiên cứu trong lĩnh vực vi mạch đã có những tiến bộ đáng kể trong phân tách và xác định các loài ion, và vi mạch đã trở thành một kỹ thuật nhanh chóng và nhạy cảm để phân tích hỗn hợp phức tạp của các ion. Bây giờ, chromatographs ion có. | 5 Ion Chromatography M. Ali Tabatabai Iowa State University Ames Iowa . Nicholas T. Basta Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma . Shreekant V. Karmarkar Lachat Instruments Milwaukee Wisconsin . I. INTRODUCTION Ion chromatography IC is a term that describes the advances made in the determination of ions. It has become a field of its own since its introduction by Small et al. 1975 . Within the past 20 years research in the area of IC has made significant advances in separation and determination of ionic species and IC has become a rapid and sensitive technique for analyzing complex mixtures of ions. Now ion chromatographs are available that feature high-speed separation continuous monitoring by detector systems and the instantaneous readout of analytical data. The IC technique a type of high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC has gained popularity for accurate and precise determination of anions and cations in soils plants water and other environmental materials as well as samples from clinical metal plating power generation semiconductor fabrication and other industrial sources. Several books have been published on IC including the development and use of its components and the potential of the technique as an analytical tool Sawicki et al. 1978 Mulik and Sawicki 1979a Fritz et al. 1982 Smith and Chang 1983 Weiss 1986 Tarter 1987 Small 1989 . Copyright n 2 0 04 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. This is a revised version of the corresponding chapter in the previous edition Tabatabai and Basta 1991 . It covers the basic principles of IC the instruments and methods that have been developed and the application of these methods to the analysis of soil plant water and environmental samples. New approaches for application of IC to chemical speciation are described. Application of IC to soil and environmental analysis has been previously reviewed by Frankenberger et al. 1990 Tabatabai and Basta 1991 Tabatabai and Frankenberger 1996 and .