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Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook - Chapter 3

Trong xử Situ của đất bị ô nhiễm bởi các quá trình điện động Sibel Pamukcu Sở Dân sự và Kỹ thuật Môi trường Đại học Lehigh Bethlehem, Pennsylvania CP Huang Cục Dân sự và Kỹ thuật Môi trường Đại học Delaware ở Newark, Delaware 3,1 Giới thiệu Hệ thống đất bị ô nhiễm bởi một loạt các hoá chất độc hại, chẳng hạn như các kim loại nặng và các hợp chất hữu cơ độc hại. Các nguồn chính của chất ô nhiễm do bãi rác và các hoạt động công nghiệp. hoặc ví dụ., bất kỳ chất độc hại hiện diện trong. | Chapter Three Separation Techniques 2001 by CRC Press LLC In Situ Remediation of Contaminated Soils by Electrokinetic Processes Sibel Pamukcu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania c.p. Huang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware Introduction Soil systems are subject to contamination by a variety of hazardous chemicals such as heavy metals and toxic organic compounds. The major sources of pollutants are attributed to landfills and industrial operations. For example any hazardous substance present in a soil matrix represents a threat to public health and groundwater. The latter is one of the most valuable natural resources and a major source of drinking water in the United States. Many domestic industrial and agricultural activities depend on groundwater resources. Therefore strategies for soil clean-up are increasing in demand. Most of the host of soil remediation techniques available commercially are subject to a variety of restrictions during application. Ex situ treatments such as pump and treat and containment can be costly and therefore not totally attractive. Techniques including bioremediation vitrification freezing and soil washing are some of the options available but they are usually very site specific and do not offer a good prospect of in situ treatment. Vitrification and freezing do not extract contaminants from soils and therefore cannot be considered ultimate clean-up options. Bioremediation is limited by a number of technical difficulties such as nutrient transport and acclimation of microorganisms among others. Few contaminants can be effectively removed by soil washing. Accounting for all of these obstacles there is a necessity to develop new alternatives for in situ soil clean-up. Electrokinetic processes treatment has emerged as a potential technique for in situ decontamination of contaminated soils. This is the same process used previously by