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Hardening Apache by Tony Mobily phần 9

Cũng giống như nhiều các giao thức Internet khác, HTTP dựa trên văn bản. Điều này có nghĩa là nó có thể kết nối đến một máy chủ HTTP bằng tay và quan sát những gì xảy ra khi kết nối được thiết lập. Các chức năng của giao thức HTTP là khá đơn giản: nó là một yêu cầu / đáp ứng giao thức, Phiên bản mới nhất của nó là 1.1, và nó là chính thức hóa trong RFC 2616 | http www.ietf.org rfc rfc2 04 5.txt . All official MIME types are listed here ftp ftp.isi.edu in-notes iana assignments media-types you should actually browse the FTP directory . A MIME type is official when it has been registered with IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority http www.iana.org . HTTP Protocol RFC 2616 The Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP is the protocol used by browsers to request pages and by the servers to send the requested pages. It is the very heart of the Web. HTTP is the protocol used by the browser to request documents and of course by the server to send the requested files. Its latest version is 1.1 and it is formalized in RFC 2616 http www.ietf.org rfc rfc2616.txt . Like many other Internet protocols HTTP is text based. This means that it is possible to connect to an HTTP server manually and observe what happens when a connection is established. The functionality of the HTTP protocol is quite simple it is a request response protocol where the client requests a resource also informally called a page and the server provides a response. This is a typical HTTP request GET index.html HTTP 1.1 Host www.apress.com As you can see the only piece of information specified is the resource requested index.html the protocol type HTTP 1.1 and the host you are expecting to be connected to www.apress.com . This last piece of information is required by HTTP 1.1 and is important in order to be able to apply to virtual domains properly where a single IP address can manage several different domain names . This is a typical response message HTTP 1.1 200 OK Date Sat 14 Sep 2002 10 58 19 GMT Server Apache 2.0.40 Unix DAV 2 PHP 4.2.3 Last-Modified Fri 04 May 2001 00 01 18 GMT Accept-Ranges bytes Content-Length 1456 Content-Type text html charset ISO-8859-1 Content-Language en html . The web page here. html The HTTP response header is placed before the body of the page in the response message. Also there is an empty line between the HTTP request header and the .