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Báo cáo khoa học: New perspectives on folate transport in relation to alcoholism-induced folate malabsorption – association with epigenome stability and cancer development

Folates are members of the B-class of vitamins, which are required for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, and for the methylation of essential biological substances, including phospholipids, DNA, and neurotransmit-ters. Folates cannot be synthesized de novoby mammals; hence, an efficient intestinal absorption process is required. | ỊFEBS Journal REVIEW ARTICLE New perspectives on folate transport in relation to alcoholism-induced folate malabsorption - association with epigenome stability and cancer development Abid Hamid Nissar Ahmad Wani and Jyotdeep Kaur Department of Biochemistry Postgraduate Institute of MedicalEducation and Research Chandigarh India Keywords alcohol epigenome stability and cancer folate folate malabsorption folate transport proton coupled folate transporter reduced folate carrier Correspondence J. Kaur Department of Biochemistry Postgraduate Institute of MedicalEducation and Research Chandigarh 160 012 India Fax 91 172 2744401 2745078 Tel 91 172 2747585 5181 E-mail jyotdeep2001@yahoo.co.in Present address Division of Pharmacology Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine CSIR Jammu 181 001 India Received 12 September 2008 revised 6 February 2009 accepted 11 February 2009 doi 10.1111 j.1742-4658.2009.06959.x Folates are members of the B-class of vitamins which are required for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines and for the methylation of essential biological substances including phospholipids DNA and neurotransmitters. Folates cannot be synthesized de novo by mammals hence an efficient intestinal absorption process is required. Intestinal folate transport is carrier-mediated pH-dependent and electroneutral with similar affinity for oxidized and reduced folic acid derivatives. The various transporters i.e. reduced folate carrier proton-coupled folate transporter folate-binding protein and organic anion transporters are involved in the folate transport process in various tissues. Any impairment in uptake of folate can lead to a state of folate deficiency the most prevalent vitamin deficiency in world affecting 10 of the population in the USA. Such impairments in folate transport occur in a variety of conditions including chronic use of ethanol some inborn hereditary disorders and certain diseases. Among these ethanol ingestion has been the major contributor to folate