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WILDLIFE SCIENCE: LINKING ECOLOGICAL THEORY AND MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS - CHAPTER 16

Các nhà sinh học động vật hoang dã đang ngày càng được đẩy lên Frontlines quản lý dịch bệnh động vật hoang dã và giám sát tại Hoa Kỳ. Ví dụ, các nhà sinh vật học thường xuyên tham gia vào miệng tiêm chủng của động vật hoang dã [ví dụ như Chương trình tiêm phòng vắc xin uống phòng chống bệnh dại (ORVPs) và thu thập mẫu vật cả hai mục đích chẩn đoán và giám sát hoặc theo dõi bệnh (ví dụ như dịch cúm gia cầm trong di cư chim). Đối với nhiều người, những trách nhiệm mới lạ so với. | 16 Wildlife Disease Management An Insurmountable Challenge Scott E. Henke Alan M. Fedynich and Tyler A. Campbell CONTENTS Disease Management Pre-1900 . 280 Disease Management 1900-1949. 280 Present Disease Management. 283 Examples of Disease Management to Aid Livestock Industry. 284 Present Strategies of Wildlife Disease Management. 286 Future Directions. 289 Increased Global Cooperation. 289 Increased Communication with the Public. 289 Developing New Scientific Tools. 290 Emphasis on More Research. 290 References. 291 Wildlife biologists are increasingly being thrust onto the frontlines of wildlife disease management and surveillance in the United States. For example biologists now routinely engage in oral vaccination of wildlife e.g. Oral Rabies Vaccination Programs ORVPs and collect specimens for both diagnostic purposes and disease surveillance or monitoring e.g. avian influenza in migratory birds . For many these responsibilities are novel compared to the more traditional roles of population estimation habitat manipulation and formulation of harvest recommendations. Wildlife disease investigation and management in reality are in their infancy compared with disciplines of human and domestic animal disease management. The recent focus on wildlife diseases is attributable to 1 the emergence of zoonoses that have a clear wildlife component e.g. Lyme disease 2 the recognition that wildlife can serve as reservoirs for diseases important to domestic animals e.g. pseudorabies 3 the increase in game farming and the associated risk of disease transmission to free-living wildlife e.g. chronic wasting disease 4 recognition of risks associated with the translocation of wildlife and 5 intensified management for species at risk of extinction Wobeser 2002 . Clearly interest in wildlife diseases and their management will continue to expand as humans livestock and wildlife come into closer contact as a direct or indirect result of the burgeoning human population. In the context