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A novel bio-physical approach for perchlorate contaminated well water treatment

The rejects and membrane wash water were also treated in the bioreactor, resulted in complete removal of ClO4 ¯ through this approach. This is the first report where biotreatment is adopted as a pre- and post-treatment to membrane process for removing ClO4 ¯ , and this will find field application for treating ClO4 ¯ contaminated ground as well as surface water sources. | Environmental Advances 4 2021 100058 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Environmental Advances journal homepage www.elsevier.com locate envadv A novel bio-physical approach for perchlorate contaminated well water treatment Jasmin Godwin Russel a b Venkatesh Thulasiraman a b Rothish Ramachandran Nair a b Sayana Cheruvathery Ravindran a Unnikrishnan Nair Saraswathy Hareesh c Krishnakumar Bhaskaran a b a Environmental Technology Division CSIR NIIST Industrial Estate P. O. Thiruvananthapuram - 695019 India b Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Ghaziabad 201002 India c Material Sciences and Technology Division CSIR NIIST Industrial Estate P. O. Thiruvananthapuram - 695019 India a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Keywords A novel bio-physical approach for treating well water contaminated with perchlorate ClO4 at 15 mg L is re- Perchlorate ported in this study. In this process the ClO4 was initially treated in an anaerobic fixed-film bioreactor 55 L Bio-physical process followed by a ceramic Micro-Filtration MF unit 1.5 m pore size 0.12 m2 surface area and a Reverse Os- Bioremediation mosis RO unit 0.38 m2 surface area connected in series. The bioreactor inoculated with a ClO4 reducing Drinking water Well water bacterium Serratia marcescens Gen bank no. JQ807993 removed 97 of the ClO4 using acetate as substrate acetate ClO4 ratio 4 . Subsequently the MF and RO units removed ClO4 to J.G. Russel V. Thulasiraman R.R. Nair et al. Environmental Advances 4 2021 100058 Table 1. A comparison of available technologies for treating ClO4 contaminated water. Processes Limitations References Ion Exchange Generation of concentrated brine difficulty in disposal regeneration of spent Hutchison and brine and saturated resin non-specificity Zilles 2018 Adsorption using Granular Activated Non-selectivity the requirement for acidic conditions competitive Xie et al. 2018 Carbon adsorption by other anions Membrane filtration Reverse Osmosis Can treat only low .