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Advancements in methods used for identification of lichens

Lichen is a combination of two organisms one is alga and another one is fungus. There is symbiotic relationship between alga and fungus. The algal part provides nutrition to the whole organism and the fungus part provides structural support to the organism. Lichens has been used for many purposes in all over the world because lichens have tremendous properties in them due to the presence of various natural compounds known as primary and secondary metabolites which are not known to other group of plants (unique with respect to higher plants), to take the benefit of these properties correct identification of lichens is necessary. Identification of lichen is very difficult task due to the complex structure of lichens, which consumes lot of time. Exploration of these properties is only possible when lichens are identified correctly, properly, easily and on time. Different types of methods are used to identify lichens and these methods are modified day by day to get better results. Taxonomists mainly use three different approaches for identification of lichens (a) Microscopic approaches (b) chemical approaches (c) Molecular approaches. Molecular approaches are the best and fastest approaches to identify the lichens correctly and easily. With the help of information technology and computer applications all the informative data which is collected during identification is compiled and stored in an application in the form of digital library through which one can easily retrieved the data for future use. This helps the taxonomists in identification, characterization and in quick classification of lichens. | EXCELLENT PUBLISHERS International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 08 2019 Journal homepage http www.ijcmas.com Review Article https doi.org 10.20546 ijcmas.2019.808.169 Advancements in Methods Used for Identification of Lichens Sachin Singh1 Mamta Arya2 and Shailesh Kumar Vishwakarma3 Department of Zoology and Biotechnology H.N.B. Garhwal Unviersity Uttarakhand-246174 India Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Lichens Chemotyping DNA Barcoding PCR Genotyping Article Info Accepted 12 July 2019 Available Online 10 August 2019 Lichen is a combination of two organisms one is alga and another one is fungus. There is symbiotic relationship between alga and fungus. The algal part provides nutrition to the whole organism and the fungus part provides structural support to the organism. Lichens has been used for many purposes in all over the world because lichens have tremendous properties in them due to the presence of various natural compounds known as primary and secondary metabolites which are not known to other group of plants unique with respect to higher plants to take the benefit of these properties correct identification of lichens is necessary. Identification of lichen is very difficult task due to the complex structure of lichens which consumes lot of time. Exploration of these properties is only possible when lichens are identified correctly properly easily and on time. Different types of methods are used to identify lichens and these methods are modified day by day to get better results. Taxonomists mainly use three different approaches for identification of lichens a Microscopic approaches b chemical approaches c Molecular approaches. Molecular approaches are the best and fastest approaches to identify the lichens correctly and easily. With the help of information technology and computer applications all the informative data which is collected during identification is compiled and stored in an application .