Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Available and Emerging Technologies for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Industry

This document is one of several white papers that summarize readily available information on control techniques and measures to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from specific industrial sectors. These white papers are solely intended to provide basic information on GHG control technologies and reduction measures in order to assist States and local air pollution control agencies, tribal authorities, and regulated entities in implementing technologies or measures to reduce GHGs under the Clean Air Act, particularly in permitting under the prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) program and the assessment of best available control technology (BACT). | ÃEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air and Radiation October 2010 AVAILABLE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM THE PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Available and Emerging Technologies for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Industry Prepared by the Sector Policies and Programs Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park North Carolina 27711 October 2010 Table of Contents I. Introduction.1 A. Description of the Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Process.1 1. Wood Preparation.3 2. Pulping.3 3. Bleaching.4 4. Chemical Recovery.5 5. Pulp Drying Papermaking.6 B. Pulp and Paper GHG Emission Sources.6 C. Pulp and Paper Energy Use.9 II. Control Measures and Energy Efficiency Improvements for Direct GHG Emission Sources.11 A. Power Boilers Chemical Recovery Furnaces and Turbines.12 1. Control Measures and Energy Efficiency Options for Boilers.12 2. Control Measures and Energy Efficiency Options for Chemical Recovery Furnaces and Combustion Units.16 3. Energy Efficiency Associated with CHP Systems.18 B. Natural Gas-Fired Dryers and Thermal Oxidizers. 22 C. Kraft and Soda Lime Kilns.23 D. Makeup Chemicals. 25 E. Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems.26 F. Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment.26 G On-site Landfills.27 III. Additional Energy Efficiency Improvements.29 A. Energy Efficiency Improvements in Steam Systems.29 B. Energy Efficiency Improvements in Raw Material Preparation.32 1. Debarking.32 2. Chip Handling Screening and Conditioning . 33 C. Energy Efficiency Improvements in Chemical Pulping . 33 1. Digesters Chip Cooking . 33 2. Pulp Washing. 34 3. Bleaching . 34 D. Energy Efficiency Improvements in Mechanical Pulping . 35 1. Mechanical Pulping . 35 2. Repulping of Market Pulp.36 3. Secondary Recovered Fiber Processing.36 E. Energy Efficiency Improvements in Papermaking.37 1. Paper Machines - Forming and Pressing .