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Pharmacology for Health Professionals, 2nd Edition PDF 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Pharmacology for health professionals" presentation of content: Drugs that affect the respiratory system, drugs that affect the cardiovascular system, drugs that affect the urinary system, drugs that affect the gastrointestinal system, drugs that affect the endocrine and reproductive systems,. and other contents. | DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE URINARY SYSTEM VI 25 Diuretics CHAPTER OBJECTIVES On completion of this chapter, students will be able to: 1 Define the chapter’s key terms. 2 Explain how and where diuretics work. 3 Compare and contrast the actions and uses of the various diuretics. 4 Identify common fluid and electrolyte imbalances associated with the various diuretic categories and explain the signs and symptoms of each. 5 Identify common adverse reactions associated with the various diuretic categories. 6 Identify common contraindications, precautions, and interactions of diuretics. 7 Discuss important points to keep in mind when educating the patient or family members about the use of diuretics. 8 Identify which diuretic categories should be cautious of potassium intake and the signs and symptoms of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia that the patient and family members should watch for. KEY TERMS dehydration—loss of too much water from the body diuretic—a drug that increases the secretion of urine (water, electrolytes, and waste products) by the kidneys edema—retention of excess fluid filtrate—fluid removed from the blood through kidney function hyperkalemia—high blood level of potassium nephron—long tubular structure that is the functional part of the kidney CHAPTER OVERVIEW Drug classes covered in this chapter are: • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors • Loop diuretics • Osmotic diuretics • Potassium-sparing diuretics • Thiazides and related diuretics Drugs by classification are listed on page 255. thePOINT RESOURCES • Comprehensive Summary Drug Tables • Animations: Edema; Renal Function • Lippincott’s Interactive Tutorials: Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular System • Interactive Practice and Review • Monographs of Most Commonly Prescribed Drugs 245 Acosta Main Book_Chap25.indd 245 1/28/2012 11:59:08 AM 246 UNIT VI Drugs That Affect the Urinary System A • • • • • diuretic is a drug that increases the secretion of urine (i.e., water, electrolytes, and waste products) .