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Research Base for the High-level Group Report Analysis on Media

Drawing from Goffman’s performance theory, there are three fundamental components to the passage of social information between individuals. When information is to be conveyed explicitly, it is given, but these messages are also impacted by the subtle, and perhaps unconscious messages that are given off by the actors, as well as the intention that the observer might infer (Goffman 1956: 2). Thus, any social message is not simply a set of factual data, but a negotiation in communication relying on both the signals presented by the actor as well as the signs perceived by the observer. . | ALLIANCE OF CIVILIZATIONS Research Base for the High-level Group Report Analysis on Media Primary contributions from Ross Howard and Shamil Idriss and additional contributions and citations provided by Omar Amanat. Alliance of Civilizations Secretariat United Nations New York This paper was prepared by the Alliance of Civilizations Secretariat for consideration by the High-level Group. The opinion expressed in this paper does not necessarily represent the views of High-level Group members. 1 Introduction It is time to recognize that the true tutors of our children are no longer the school teachers and university professors but the filmmakers advertising executives and pop culture purveyors. Disney does more than Duke Spielberg outweighs Stanford MTVtramps MIT . 1. Technology has made the media the most important immediate influence on opinions and understanding in the industrialized world and has significantly heightened media impact in the developing countries as well. Media has a powerful capacity to encourage global awareness thereby promoting cross-cultural understanding tolerance and acceptance of ethnic cultural religious and gender differences in communities across the globe. Unfortunately the media s potential to be a force for good can easily backfire. By disseminating messages that create and reinforce negative stereotypes and perpetuate misconceptions the media frustrates dialogue and works against mutual understanding. 2. While CNN and BBC World have fed the phenomenon of the 24-hour news cycle and helped to eliminate distance as a delaying factor in the reporting of news in the West in the Middle East Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya satellite television have created a pan-Arab public sphere1 2 and new political schooling. These developments have been amplified and accelerated by the Internet which is allowing growing segments of the general population to access and be part of the new media even in many developing countries. 3. The media is therefore a .