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Ebook Textile fibre microscopy: Part 2

Following the contents part 1, part 2 the book "Textile fibre microscopy" presented the contents: Fibre types and properties (Kinds of Fibres, Fibres properties, general classification of textile Fibres), cotton, flax. | CHAPTER 2 THE MICROSCOPIC AND ITS MANIPULATION 2.1 The Microscope It is an optical instillment by which the image of a very small object can be formed on the retina of the eye. The function of the microscope is to reveal objects and details which are too small to be distinguished by the naked eye unaided eye . Microscope are divided into two classes 1 Simple microscope magnifying glasses . . consists of one lens or one lens unit. 2 Compound microscope . . consists of two lens unit ie. objective and eyepiece or ocular. Objective die set closer to the object Eyepiece the set by which the object which is formed by the objective is remagnified into the enlarged image. The ordinary compound microscope has one objective and one eyepiece in use at a time. The binocular microscope has a double set of eyepieces and a double set of objectives. Figure 2.1 Simple Microscope 4 The microscope consists of the following main parts 1 Body tube 2 Stand 3 Stage 4 Focusing mechanism apparatus 5 Illuminating apparatus 1 Body tube It carries the objective and eyepiece. Tube length can be varied by raising or lowering an inner tube the draw tube. Increase in tube length increase in magnification. The standard tube length is 160 mm. Nosepiece is attached to the bottom of the body tube. Revolving nosepiece carries of different power. Eyepiece or ocular is carried by the upper end of the draw tube. 2 Stand It consists of horse shoe base or foot vertical pillar with inclination joint and mechanical stage. 3 Stage A rigid flat platform on which the slide and object are placed with a centre hole to permit illuminating the specimen from below. 4 Focusing Mechanism It pennits adjustment of the distance between the microscope objective and the object. This device consists of coarse and fine adjustment. 5 Illuminating Apparatus Concentrating and regulating the intensity of the light on the specimen. The apparatus consists of the minor with flat and concave sides which dừects the light into the .