Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Báo cáo khoa học: "Types of Common-Sense Knowledge Needed for Recognizing Textual Entailment"

Understanding language requires both linguistic knowledge and knowledge about how the world works, also known as common-sense knowledge. We attempt to characterize the kinds of common-sense knowledge most often involved in recognizing textual entailments. | Types of Common-Sense Knowledge Needed for Recognizing Textual Entailment Peter LoBue and Alexander Yates Temple University Broad St. and Montgomery Ave. Philadelphia PA 19130 peter.lobue yates @temple.edu Abstract Understanding language requires both linguistic knowledge and knowledge about how the world works also known as common-sense knowledge. We attempt to characterize the kinds of common-sense knowledge most often involved in recognizing textual entailments. We identify 20 categories of common-sense knowledge that are prevalent in textual entailment many of which have received scarce attention from researchers building collections of knowledge. 1 Introduction It is generally accepted that knowledge about how the world works or common-sense knowledge is vital for natural language understanding. There is however much less agreement or understanding about how to define common-sense knowledge and what its components are Feldman 2002 . Existing large-scale knowledge repositories like Cyc Guha and Lenat 1990 OpenMind Stork 1999 and Freebase1 have steadily gathered together impressive collections of common-sense knowledge but no one yet believes that this job is done. Other databases focus on exhaustively cataloging a specific kind of knowledge e.g. synonymy and hypernymy in WordNet Fellbaum 1998 . Likewise most knowledge extraction systems focus on extracting one specific kind of knowledge from text often factual relationships Banko et al. 2007 Suchanek et al. 2007 Wu and Weld 2007 although other specialized extraction techniques exist as well. 1http www.freebase.com 329 If we continue to build knowledge collections focused on specific types will we collect a sufficient store of common sense knowledge for understanding language What kinds of knowledge might lie outside the collections that the community has focused on building We have undertaken an empirical study of a natural language understanding task in order to help answer these questions. We focus on the .