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Assessment of Electric Cars‟ Range Requirements and Usage Patterns based on Driving Behavior recorded in the National Household Travel Survey of 2009

When you first commence your direct debit payments, or when you change your account details, it may take up to 14 days for us to first debit your account. Where your debit day falls on a weekend or a nationally declared public holiday, we will debit your account on the next business day. If you believe that we may have incorrectly debited your account, please call us on 13 13 26. If we decide to make a write-off payment or replace your car under this policy, we will require you to first pay us the total unpaid balance of your premium. | Assessment of Electric Cars Range Requirements and Usage Patterns based on Driving Behavior recorded in the National Household Travel Survey of 2009 A Study conducted as part of 3 200 Miles Powered by the Sun Rob van Haaren Earth and Environmental Engineering Department Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science 500 West 120th Street New York 10027 NY. December 2011 Contact rv2216@columbia.edu Tel. 1 917 742 0095 v1.2 Electric Cars Range Requirements and Usage Patterns www.solarjourneyusa com Foreword This study was conducted as part of the Solar Journey USA project an initiative to educate the American people about Electric Vehicles Solar Energy and the synergy of Sustainable Driving that arises from the two. In the summer of 2012 Garrett Fitzgerald and I aim to make a cross-country trip powered strictly by solar energy generated by the PV-array that we tow with us. Each day we will recharge the batteries in our electric car for the next leg of the trip while giving presentations and workshops about these worldchanging technologies. Please consider a contribution to our project as we need all the support we can get. For more information visit our website www.solarjourneyusa.com. Kind Regards Rob van Haaren v1.2 Electric Cars Range Requirements and Usage Patterns www.solarjourneyusa com Abstract The main barrier to electrification of the car industry is the electric car s limited range. The fear of getting stranded on the side of the road with an empty battery first observed in General Motor s EV1 project is named Range Anxiety . The purpose of this study is to characterize driving behavior of the United States population on a National and State level and to give an overview of what percentage of trips can be covered with a fully charged electric car. Also this study has successfully identified factors that influence driven distances such as the effect of urbanity and household ethnicity. The second research goal is to provide .