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Chemistry part 10, Julia Burdge,2e (2009)

Tham khảo sách 'chemistry part 10, julia burdge,2e (2009)', khoa học tự nhiên, hoá học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 214 CHAPTER 6 Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms When n is can be When is m can be 1 only 0 0 only 0 2 0 or 1 0 only 0 1 1 0 or 1 3 0 1 or 2 0 only 0 1 1 0 or 1 2 2 1 0 1 or 2 4 0 1 2 or 3 0 only 0 1 1 0 or 1 2 2 1 0 1 or 2 3 3 2 1 0 1 2 or 3 subshell - p subshell n 1 n 2 0 a sub shell Figure 6.15 Illustration of how quantum numbers designate shells subshells and orbitals. What are the possible values for the magnetic quantum number m when the principal quantum number n is 3 and the angular momentum quantum number is 1 i i I I I I I Think About It Consult Table 6.2 to make sure your answer is correct. Table 6.2 confirms that it is the value of not the value of n that determines the possible values of m . Strategy Use the rules governing the allowed values of Recall that the possible values of depend on the value of not on the value of n. Setup The possible values of are . 0 . . Solution The possible values of are 1 0 and 1. Practice Problem A What are the possible values for when the principal quantum number n is 2 and the angular momentum quantum number is 0 Practice Problem B What are the possible values for when the principal quantum number n is 3 and the angular momentum quantum number is 2 Electron Spin Quantum Number ms Whereas three quantum numbers are sufficient to describe an atomic orbital an additional quantum number becomes necessary to describe an electron that occupies the orbital. Experiments on the emission spectra of hydrogen and sodium atoms indicated that each line in the emission spectra could be split into two lines by the application of an external magnetic field. The only way physicists could explain these results was to assume that electrons act like tiny magnets. If electrons are thought of as spinning on their own axes as Earth does their magnetic properties can be accounted for. According to electromagnetic theory a spinning charge SECTION 6.6 Quantum Numbers 215 generates a magnetic field and it is this motion that .