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Loạn sản phát triển hoặc trật khớp hông
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"Loạn sản phát triển hoặc trật khớp hông" hạn (DDH) đề cập đến quang phổ đầy đủ của các bất thường liên quan đến hông đang phát triển, với các biểu hiện khác nhau từ loạn sản để subluxation trật khớp của khớp hông. Không giống như thuật ngữ "loạn sản xương bẩm sinh hoặc trật khớp hông", | Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip From Birth to Six Months James T. Guille MD Peter D. Pizzutillo MD and G. Dean MacEwen MD Abstract The term developmental dysplasia or dislocation of the hip DDH refers to the complete spectrum of abnormalities involving the growing hip with varied expression from dysplasia to subluxation to dislocation of the hip joint. Unlike the term congenital dysplasia or dislocation of the hip DDH is not restricted to congenital problems but also includes developmental problems of the hip. It is important to diagnose these conditions early to improve the results of treatment decrease the risk of complications and favorably alter the natural history. Careful history taking and physical examination in conjunction with advances in imaging techniques such as ultrasonography have increased the ability to diagnose and manage DDH. Use of the Pavlik harness has become the mainstay of initial treatment for the infant who has not yet begun to stand. If stable reduction cannot be obtained after 2 weeks of treatment with the Pavlik harness alternative treatment such as examination of the hip under general anesthesia with possible closed reduction is indicated. If concentric reduction of the hip cannot be obtained surgical reduction of the dislocated hip is the next step. Toward the end of the first year of life the toddler s ability to stand and bear weight on the lower extremities as well as the progressive adaptations and soft-tissue contractures associated with the dislocated hip preclude use of the Pavlik harness. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1999 8 232-242 the hip abnormalities associated with those less common conditions is precisely or adequately addressed by the term congenital dislocation of the hip. The term dysplasia denotes an abnormality in development such as an alteration in size shape or organization. Hip-joint dysplasia refers to alterations in the structure of the femoral head the acetabulum or both. The well-developed cup-shaped structure is