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The Future of U.S. Chemistry Research: Benchmarks and Challenges

Chemistry plays a key role in conquering diseases, solving energy problems, addressing environmental problems, providing the discoveries that lead to new industries, and developing new materials and technologies for national defense and homeland security. However, the field is currently facing a crucial time of change and is struggling to position itself to meet the needs of the future as it expands beyond its traditional core toward areas related to biology, materials science, and nanotechnology | THE FUTURE OF U.S. Chemistry Research BENCHMARKS AND CHALLENGES Committee on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Chemistry Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology Division on Earth and Life Studies NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington D.C. www.nap.edu NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street N.W. Washington DC 20001 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant CTS-0534814 and the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-FG02-05ER15735. Any opinions findings conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13 978-0-309-10533-0 International Standard Book Number-10 0-309-10533-1 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 2007927596 Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street N.W. Lockbox 285 Washington DC 20055 800 624-6242 or 202 334-3313 in the Washington metropolitan area Internet http www.nap. edu. Copyright 2007 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisers to the Nation on Science Engineering and Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is a private nonprofit self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the