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PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOENGINEERING – FROM ANALYSIS AND MODELING TO TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS_2

This book provides an example of the successful and rapid expansion of bioengineering within the world of the science. It includes a core of studies on bioengineering technology applications so important that their progress is expected to improve both human health and ecosystem. These studies provide an important update on technology and achievements in molecular and cellular engineering as well as in the relatively new field of environmental bioengineering. The book will hopefully attract the interest of not only the bioengineers, researchers or professionals, but also of everyone who appreciates life and environmental sciences | Part 3 Molecular and Cellular Engineering Industrial Application 15 Isolation and Purification of Bioactive Proteins from Bovine Colostrum Mianbin Wu Xuewan Wang Zhengyu Zhang and Rutao Wang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University China 1. Introduction Bovine colostrum is the milk secreted by cows during the first few days after parturition. It contains many essential nutrients and bioactive components including growth factors immunoglobulins Igs lactoperoxidase Lp lysozyme Lys lactoferrin Lf cytokines nucleosides vitamins peptides and oligosaccharides which are of increasing relevance to human health. Much research work has been done on the structure and function of bovine colostrum proteins. IgG was widely utilised in the immunological supplementation of foods specifically in infant formulate and yielded sales of approximately US 100 million in 2007 Gapper et al. 2007 . In the highly competitive and valuable international market for IgG-containing products some of the products are usually priced based on IgG content. Another important protein from bovine colostrum is lactoferrin. Its diverse range of biological activities such as anti-infective activities toward a broad spectrum of species antioxidant activities and promotion of iron transfer are expanding the demand in the market. It also exhibits the potential for chemoprevention of colon and other cancers as a natural gradient. Apart from the two kinds of bovine colostrum proteins a-lactalbumin has been claimed as an important food additive in infant formula due to its high content in tryptophan and as a protective against ethanol and stress-induced gastric mucosal injury. 3-Lactoglobulin is commonly used to stabilize food emulsions for its surface-active properties. Bovine serum albumin BSA has gelation properties and it is of interest in a number of food and therapeutic applications Almecija et al. 2007 . Therefore fractionation for the recovery and isolation of these proteins .