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Báo cáo y học: " Insights into endocrine-immunological disturbances in autoimmunity and their impact on treatment"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Insights into endocrine-immunological disturbances in autoimmunity and their impact on treatment. | Available online http arthritis-research.eom content 11 2 218 Review Insights into endocrine-immunological disturbances in autoimmunity and their impact on treatment Maurizio Cutolo1 and Rainer H Straub2 1 Research Laboratories and Clinical Academic Unit of Rheumatology University of Genova Italy Viale Benedetto XV 6 16132 Genova Italy 2Laboratory of NeuroEndocrinolmmunology Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital F.J.-Strauss-Allee 11 D-93042 Regensburg Germany Corresponding author Maurizio Cutolo mcutolo@unige.it Published 6 April 2009 This article is online at http arthritis-research.com content 11 2 218 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Arthritis Research Therapy 2009 11 218 doi 10.1186 ar2630 Abstract The neuroendocrine immune NEI system is regarded as a fundamental network for the maintenance of health status homeostasis and it plays an important role in several systemic diseases including autoimmune disorders. Among the major players of NEI pathways are steroid hormones of the adrenal cortisol and gonadal glands sex hormones neurohormones such as melatonin and more recently the vitamin D endocrine system. Estrogens melatonin and chronic stress inducing decreased adrenal glucocorticoid release over a long time strongly modulate the NEI system and stimulate the immune response. The vitamin D endocrine system is regarded as a potential immunosuppressive factor. Consequently estrogens especially in patients affected by B-cell-driven immunity and melatonin should be avoided and glucocorticoids as replacement therapy and vitamin D are allowed in the treatment of autoimmunity. Introduction The neuroendocrine immune NEI system is generally considered a fundamental network and its integrity is essential for the maintenance of health status in humans 1 . As a consequence several systemic diseases including autoimmune disorders originate from the altered balance activation of the NEI system. Modulators of the immune system include different hormones and major .