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A Dictionary Of Basic Japanese Grammar_09

Tham khảo tài liệu 'a dictionary of basic japanese grammar_09', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 522 wa da B Topic subject Noun Prt b ị lì K on sã to wa A hachiji kara tz -vto da desu. Lit. The concert is from eight o clock o clock. The concert starts at eight a Ano hito wa sensei da. That person is a teacher. b Wi V H X Watashf wa Jonzu desu. I am Jones. c Jugyo wa yo i made desu. Lit. My classes are till four o clock. 1 have classes till four o clock. d Kondo no shiai wa Washinton Daigaku to da. The next game is against the University of Washington. Notes 1. A wa B da is probably the most basic sentence structure in Japanese. The very basic meaning of this construction is A is B . However this pattern can convey more than that meaning. For example the second sentence in 1 literally means My wife is tea but actually means My wife drinks tea. Here the copula da is used in place of nomu drink . 1 Watashi wa maiasa kõhĩ o nomu. Kanai wa kõcha da. I drink coffee every morning. Lit. My wife is tea. My wife drinks tea. In fact this structure is used frequently in conversation as in 2 where the copula desu in B s sentence means ikimasu am going . wa da 523 2 A -.frt -to Watashi wa Hawai e ikimasu. I m going to Hawaii. B p 9 y-cto Watashi wa Furor7da desu. Lit. I am Florida. I m going to Florida. In general the copula can be used in place of a predicate if the meaning can be understood from context. Note the following examples 3 ro ux b 7 li-tL 4oV LV feoux b 7 v htzo Kono resutoran wa sushi ga oishii. Ano resutoran wa tenpura da. Sushi is good at this restaurant. At that restaurant tempura is good. 4 7 4 7 9 iix y b jK Hixáb Dikku wa sukẽto ga jozuda. Põru wa skỉ da. Dick is good at ice skating. Paul is good at skiing. 5 htzo Mitsuko wa o-kã-san ga byõki da. Tsutomu wa o-tõ-san da. In Mitsuko s family her mother is ill. In Tsutomu s family his father is ill. What the copula da means may be understood from the linguistic context as in 1 - 5 or from the extra-linguistic context as in 6 . 6 In an order situation at a restaurant Boku wa unagi da. Lit. I am an eel. 1 11