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Clean Energy Systems and Experiences Part 13

Tham khảo tài liệu 'clean energy systems and experiences part 13', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Zero emissions future city 173 Fig. 6. Schematics of the first ZEPP coal-fired power plant of 30 MW by Vattenfall 4. Municipal Wastes Treatment 4.1. Solid Wastes Incineration Worldwide population growth urbanization technological development and grooving up economic activity generate large quantities of waste. Since the waste streams contain sometimes the raw material and energy resources waste management decisions must be tied to their conservation recovery and utilization issues recycling . Space for landfills has been plentiful in the past but is becoming harder to find in large urban areas. Recycling programs have reduced the amount of matter going into landfills but combustion may become more viable in some urban areas where the landfill sites become scarce or if energy prices make combustion more economically viable. The combustion of municipal wastes is extremely detrimental for atmosphere due to very dangerous combustion products. Some wastes contain the plastic materials with Chlorine heavy metals and others giving poisonous exhaust gases with very toxic dioxins and furans. Hovever burning waste at extremely high temperatures also destroys chemical compounds and disease-causing bacteria. Even after many stages of cleaning the discharge of incinerators into atmosphere is harmful and the problem of Zero Emission Incinerator ZEI is still very urgent and difficult. The best way seems to be the combining of an incinerator and ZEPP proposed by Yantovsky 1998 . Well known are incinerators with rotary kiln see Fig.7. 174 Clean Energy Systems and Experiences Fig. 7. Schematics of a rotary kiln incinerator Rotary kilns provide long retention good thermal isolation and because of the rotation excellent bed rollover. All systems are configured for continuous operation and can have many types of waste streams such as boxed containers drum and shredded. In this schematics the total flow goes from right to the left rotating kiln is almost horizontal cylinder and after .