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A Practical Guide to Clinical Virology Second Edition - part 9

Hantaviruses (chi Hantavirus, gia đình Bunyaviridae) là tác nhân gây bệnh của một bệnh phức tạp có tên là sốt xuất huyết với hội chứng thận (HFRS) xảy ra chủ yếu ở Đông Á và vùng Balkans. Các hình thức nhẹ hơn của bệnh, nephropathia epidemica (NE), được nhìn thấy trong phần tây bắc của lục Á-Âu | vectors for virus isolation detailed characterization of virus strains and the use of fully characterized strains for serological diagnosis will help to elucidate the potential of CE group viruses as human pathogens in Europe and elsewhere. 233 A Practical Guide to Clinical Virology. Edited by L. R. Haaheim J. R. Pattison and R. J. Whitley Copyright 2002 John Wiley Sons Ltd. ISBNs 0-470-84429-9 HB 0-471-95097-1 PB OUTDOOR PURSUITS 35. HANTAVIRUSES HFRS and HPS Hantaan river runs along the 38th parallel in Korea. D. Wiger Hantaviruses genus Hantavirus family Bunyaviridae are the causative agents of a disease complex named haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome HFRS that occurs primarily in Eastern Asia and the Balkans. The milder form of the disease nephropathia epidemica NE is seen in the northwestern parts of Eurasia especially in Scandinavia. The hantavirus pulmonary syndrome HPS was first described in the southwestern USA but more recently has also been reported in other parts of the Americas. TRANSMISSION INCUBATION PERIOD CLINICAL FEATURES The infection takes place after inhalation of aerosols containing excretions secretions from small rodents infected with the virus. The most important animal reservoir in Europe and the western parts of the former USSR is the bank vole Clethrionymus glareolus . In the eastern parts of Eurasia the main reservoirs are field mice Apodemus spp. and rats Rattus norvegicus R. rattus . In the USA the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus has been associated with disease in humans. The incubation time is estimated to be 1-6 weeks. Human-to-human transmission had not been unequivocally demonstrated until interhuman spread of HPS in South America was reported. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS HFRS NE Systemic Acute High Fever Myalgia Headache Thrombocytopenia Shock Haemorrhagic Manifestations Renal Tenderness Over the Kidneys Oliguria Later Polyuria Haematuria Proteinuria Others Abdominal Pains Nausea Vomiting Transitory Myopia Mental Confusion More .