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Báo cáo y học: "How do proteins gain new domains"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: How do proteins gain new domains? | Marsh and Teichmann Genome Biology 2010 11 126 http genomebiology.eom 2010 11 7 126 w Genome Biology RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT L__ How do proteins gain new domains Joseph A Marsh and Sarah A Teichmann Abstract A study of the contributions of different mechanisms of domain gain in animal proteins suggests that gene fusion is likely to be most frequent. Domains are evolutionarily conserved regions of proteins with generally independent structural and functional properties. Although only a fairly limited set of domains has been created during evolution combining these domains in different ways has led to the huge number of observed protein domain architectures. These multidomain proteins have diverse functions that rely on the collective properties of their component domains. Therefore a key to understanding the evolution of proteins is to understand how multidomain proteins gain lose and rearrange domains. A considerable body of literature has been dedicated to extrapolating these mechanisms from amino acid sequence and domain architecture information 1-5 . In a study in this issue of Genome Biology Buljan et al. 6 have addressed the question from a new perspective - by investigating the relative contributions of different molecular genetic mechanisms for domain acquisition to the evolution of animal proteins inferred from gene structure at the nucleotide level. The availability of a large number of fully sequenced genomes in recent years has facilitated significant insight into the evolution of domain architectures in multidomain proteins. The tendency for proteins to exist in multidomain combinations has been found to differ greatly between different branches of the evolutionary tree with eukaryotes generally having a greater proportion of multidomain proteins 1 . Animal proteins are particularly interesting as the creation of multidomain proteins and the rate of domain rearrangements appear to have substantially increased in the recent metazoan lineage