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Clinical Findings in Pediatric Respiratory Disorders Kei Lutalo PhD, NRCP

This is a concise description of the clinical manifestations frequently seen in the more common respiratory disorders affecting pediatric patients. After a brief description of each disease, the clinical findings associated with the disorder are summarized in table format. Students are cautioned that the tables represent a summary of the “classic” findings in moderately advanced cases. In reality the occurrence and degree of the typical findings vary with the severity of the disease and the patients overall health status. The tables are intended to serve as a reference and to help the student mentally organize the clinical manifestations of. | Clinical Findings in Pediatric Respiratory Disorders Kei Lutalo PhD NRCP This is a concise description of the clinical manifestations frequently seen in the more common respiratory disorders affecting pediatric patients. After a brief description of each disease the clinical findings associated with the disorder are summarized in table format. Students are cautioned that the tables represent a summary of the classic findings in moderately advanced cases. In reality the occurrence and degree of the typical findings vary with the severity of the disease and the patients overall health status. The tables are intended to serve as a reference and to help the student mentally organize the clinical manifestations of the more common respiratory disorders in logical format. Laryngotracheobronchitis Laryngotracheobonchitis LTB also referred to as croup is a viral respiratory infection primarily involving the upper airway s and producing characteristics clinical findings. The subglottic edema that develops produces a partial laryngeal obstruction which has most effect in the area of the cricothyryriod ring. Since this is the narrowest portion of the child s airway any swelling that develops produces a substantial increase in resistance to ventilation. The most common causal organisms of the LTB are parainfluenza virus respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus. The typical clinical findings for larygotracheobronchitis are as follows. Patient identification Occurs in children usually less than 3 years of age Chief complaint Dyspnea barking cough inspiratory stridor History of present illness Gradual onset of problem commonly after a cold symptoms may be worse at night onset usually in fall and winter months Past history Noncontributory Family history Noncontributory Vital signs Tachypnea tachycardia low-grade fever Inspection mild distress Child does not appear to be acutely ill may appear anxious in Palpation Normal Percussion Normal Auscultation Normal lung sounds may hear .