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HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO STUDIES AMONG THE SEDENTARY INDIANS OF NEW MEXICO. PART I

The earliest knowledge of the existence of the sedentary Indians in New Mexico and Arizona reached Europe by way of Mexico proper; but it is very doubtful whether or not the aborigines of Mexico had any positiveinformation to impart about countries lying north of the present State of Querétaro. The tribes to the north were, in the language of the valley-confederates, "Chichimecas,"—a word yet undefined, but apparently synonymous, in the conceptions of the "Nahuatl"-speaking natives, with fierce savagery, and ultimately adopted by them as a warlike title. .Indistinct notions, indeed, of an original residence, during some very remote period of. | HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO STUDIES AMONG THE SEDENTARY INDIANS OF NEW MEXICO. Part I. By ad. f. bandelier. List of Plates and Illustrations Plate Page XI. maps of country near SANTA FÉ. frontispiece VI. view of church from the south. 41 walls of church looking VII. 43 SOUTHWEST. I. general plan of ruins of PECOS. 44 view of gateway of ix. circumvallation from the 47 EAST. ii. plan of sections of building b. 52 iii. sections of building b. 58 IV. PLAN OF BUILDING A. 66 VIEW OF PASSAGE G BUILDING A X. 71 FROM THE NORTH. V. SECTIONS OF BUILDING A. 78 INTERIOR OF BUILDING A FROM THE VIII. 84 SOUTH. Stone Wall 44 Clay Pit Area 97 Grave 98 Graves 103 Spring Appendix Grant of 1689 to the Pueblo Of Pecos 114 134 I. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. PART I. The earliest knowledge of the existence of the sedentary Indians in New Mexico and Arizona reached Europe by way of Mexico proper but it is very doubtful whether or not the aborigines of Mexico had any poszfzveinformation to impart about countries lying north of the present State of Querétaro. The tribes to the north were in the language of the valley-confederates Chichimecas a word yet undefined but apparently synonymous in the conceptions of the Nahuatl -speaking natives with fierce savagery and ultimately adopted by them as a warlike title. Indistinct notions indeed of an original residence during some very remote period of time at the distant north have been found among nearly all the tribes of Mexico which speak the Nahuatl language. These notions even assume the form of tradition in the tale of the Seven Caves 1 whence the Mexicans and the Tezcucans as well as the Tlaxcaltecans are said to have emigrated to Mexico. 2 Perhaps the earliest mention p. 4of this tradition may be found in the writings of Fray Toribio de Paredes surnamed Motolinia. It dates back to 1540 A.D. 3 But it is not to be overlooked that ten years previously in 1530 the story of the Seven Cities which was the form in which the first report