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Water quality and pollution status of Chambal river in National Chambal sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh

On a national scale, or regional scale depending on the size of the country, the initial step should be to conduct a water resources assessment. In this context, a water resources assessment is an integrated activity, taking into account water pollution control as well as more general water resources issues. At this very early stage it may be difficult to determine whether a certain problem is purely one of water quality or whether it also relates to the availability of water resources. For example, an identified problem of supplying clean water to a local community may be a problem of. | Journal of Environmental Biology Triveni Enterprises Lucknow India Free paper downloaded from www.jeb.co.in September 2008 29 5 701-710 2008 For personal use only Commercial distribution of this copy is illegal Water quality and pollution status of Chambal river in National Chambal sanctuary Madhya Pradesh D.N. Saksena R.K. Garg and R.J. Rao Aquatic Biology Laboratory School of Studies in Zoology Jiwaji University Gwalior -474 011 India Received February 04 2006 Revised received July 15 2006 Accepted September 09 2006 Abstract The physico-chemical characteristics of Chamba river water in National Chambal sanctuary Madhya Pradesh have been studied. The stretch of Chambal river contained in the National Chambal sanctuary located at 250 23 -260 52 N 760 28 -790 15 E is extending up to 600 km downstream from Kota Rajasthan to the confluence of the Chambal with Yamuna river Etawah . The river flow in Madhya Pradesh spans up to approximately 400 km. Three sampling stations viz. Station A-near Palighat district Sheopurkalan Station B-near Rajghat district Morena and Station C-near Baraighat district Bhind were established for the collection of water samples during April 2003 to March 2004. The water quality parameters namely transparency 12.12 -110 cm colour transparent-very turbid turbidity 1-178 TNU electrical conductivity 145.60-884 uS cm- total dissolved solids 260-500 mgl-1 pH 7.60-9.33 dissolved oxygen 4.86-14.59 mgr free carbon dioxide 0-16.5 mgr total alkalinity 70-290 mgr total hardness 42-140 mgl-1 chloride 15.62-80.94 mgi . nitrate 0.008-0.025 mgl-1 nitrite 0.002-0.022 mgl-1 sulphate 3.50-45 mgl-1 phosphate 0.004-0.050 mgl- silicate 2.80-13.80 mgl-1 biochemical oxygen demand 0.60-5.67 mgl-1 chemical oxygen demand 2.40-26.80 mgl-1 ammonia nil-0.56 mgl-1 sodium 14.30-54.40 mgl- and potassium 2.10 mgl-1-6.30 mgl-1 reflects on the pristine nature of the river in National Chambal sanctuary On the basis of various parameters studied Chambal river in this stretch can