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Chapter 5 Analog Transmission

Digital-to-analog conversion is the process of changing one of the characteristics of an analog signal based on the information in digital data. | Chapter 5 Analog Transmission Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 5. 5-1 DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERSION Digital-to-analog conversion is the process of changing one of the characteristics of an analog signal based on the information in digital data. Aspects of Digital-to-Analog Conversion Amplitude Shift Keying Frequency Shift Keying Phase Shift Keying Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Topics discussed in this section: 5. Figure 5.1 Digital-to-analog conversion 5. Figure 5.2 Types of digital-to-analog conversion 5. Bit rate is the number of bits per second. Baud rate is the number of signal elements per second. In the analog transmission of digital data, the baud rate is less than or equal to the bit rate. Note 5. An analog signal carries 4 bits per signal element. If 1000 signal elements are sent per second, find the bit rate. Solution In this case, r = 4, S = 1000, and N is unknown. We can find the value of N | Chapter 5 Analog Transmission Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 5. 5-1 DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERSION Digital-to-analog conversion is the process of changing one of the characteristics of an analog signal based on the information in digital data. Aspects of Digital-to-Analog Conversion Amplitude Shift Keying Frequency Shift Keying Phase Shift Keying Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Topics discussed in this section: 5. Figure 5.1 Digital-to-analog conversion 5. Figure 5.2 Types of digital-to-analog conversion 5. Bit rate is the number of bits per second. Baud rate is the number of signal elements per second. In the analog transmission of digital data, the baud rate is less than or equal to the bit rate. Note 5. An analog signal carries 4 bits per signal element. If 1000 signal elements are sent per second, find the bit rate. Solution In this case, r = 4, S = 1000, and N is unknown. We can find the value of N from Example 5.1 5. Example 5.2 An analog signal has a bit rate of 8000 bps and a baud rate of 1000 baud. How many data elements are carried by each signal element? How many signal elements do we need? Solution In this example, S = 1000, N = 8000, and r and L are unknown. We find first the value of r and then the value of L. 5. Figure 5.3 Binary amplitude shift keying 5. Figure 5.4 Implementation of binary ASK 5. Example 5.3 We have an available bandwidth of 100 kHz which spans from 200 to 300 kHz. What are the carrier frequency and the bit rate if we modulated our data by using ASK with d = 1? Solution The middle of the bandwidth is located at 250 kHz. This means that our carrier frequency can be at fc = 250 kHz. We can use the formula for bandwidth to find the bit rate (with d = 1 and r = 1). 5. Example 5.4 In data communications, we normally use full-duplex links with communication in both directions. We need to divide the bandwidth into two with two carrier .