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Aerodynamics for Engineering

Aircraft wake (photo courtesy of Cessna Aircraft Company). This photograph first appeared in the Gallery of Fluid Motion, Physics of Fluids (published by the American Institute of Physics), Vol. 5, No. 9, Sept. 1993, p. S5, and was submitted by Professor Hiroshi Higuchi (Syracuse University). It shows the wake created by a Cessna Citation VI flown immediately above the fog bank over Lake Tahoe at approximately 313 km/h. A r r f altitude was about icat 122 m above the lake, and its mass was approximately 8400 kg. The downwash caused the trailing vortices to descend over the fog layer.