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Chapter 032. Oral Manifestations of Disease (Part 6)

Diseases of the Tongue See Table 32-4. Table 32-4 Alterations of the Tongue Type of Change Clinical Features Size or Morphology Changes Macroglossia Enlarged tongue that may be part of a syndrome found in developmental conditions such as Down syndrome, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, or Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome may be due to tumor (hemangioma or lymphangioma), metabolic disease (such as primary amyloidosis), or endocrine disturbance (such as acromegaly or cretinism) Fissured ("scrotal") tongue Dorsal surface and sides of tongue covered by painless shallow or deep fissures that may collect debris and become irritated Median rhomboid glossitis Congenital abnormality of tongue with ovoid, denuded area in median posterior portion of the tongue; may be associated. | Chapter 032. Oral Manifestations of Disease Part 6 Diseases of the Tongue See Table 32-4. Table 32-4 Alterations of the Tongue Type of Change Clinical Features Size or Morphology Changes Macroglossia Enlarged tongue that may be part of a syndrome found in developmental conditions such as Down syndrome Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome or Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome may be due to tumor hemangioma or lymphangioma metabolic disease such as primary amyloidosis or endocrine disturbance such as acromegaly or cretinism Fissured scrotal tongue Dorsal surface and sides of tongue covered by painless shallow or deep fissures that may collect debris and become irritated Median rhomboid glossitis Congenital abnormality of tongue with ovoid denuded area in median posterior portion of the tongue may be associated with candidiasis and may respond to antifungals Color Changes Geographic tongue benign migratory glossitis Asymptomatic inflammatory condition of the tongue with rapid loss and regrowth of filiform papillae leading to appearance of denuded red patches wandering across the surface of the tongue Hairy tongue Elongation of filiform papillae of the medial dorsal surface area due to failure of keratin layer of the papillae to desquamate normally brownish-black coloration may be due to staining by tobacco food or chromogenic organisms Strawberry and Appearance of tongue during scarlet fever due to raspberry tongue the hypertrophy of fungiform papillae plus changes in the filiform papillae Bald tongue Atrophy may be associated with xerostomia pernicious anemia iron-deficiency anemia pellagra or syphilis may be accompanied by painful burning sensation may be an expression of erythmematous candidiasis and respond to antifungals HIV Disease and AIDS See Tables 32-1 32-2 32-3 and 32-5 Chap. 182 and Figs. 174-1 and 196- .