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Mechanical Engineer´s Handbook P52

CHAPTER 3 7 COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING William E. Biles Department of Industrial Engineering University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky Magd £. Zohdi Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 37.1 37.2 INTRODUCTION 1 8 1 7 37.4 DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATONS 1 8 1 8 37.2.1 Automation 1188 37.2.2 Production Operations 1189 37.2.3 Production Plants 1190 37.2.4 Models for Production 37.5 Operations 1190 NUMERICAL-CONTROL MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 1192 37.3. 1 Numerical Control 1 192 37.3.2 The Coordinate System 1192 37.3.3 Selection of Parts for NC Machining 1193 37.3.4 CAD/CAM Part 37.6 Programming 1 193 37.3.5 Programming by Scanning and Digitizing 1194 37.3.6 Adaptive. | CHAPTER 37_ COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING William E. Biles Department of Industrial Engineering University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky Magd E. Zohdi Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 37.1 INTRODUCTION 1187 37.2 DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATONS 1188 37.2.1 Automation 1188 37.2.2 Production Operations 1189 37.2.3 Production Plants 1190 37.2.4 Models for Production Operations 1190 37.3 NUMERICAL-CONTROL MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 1192 37.3.1 Numerical Control 1192 37.3.2 The Coordinate System 1192 37.3.3 Selection of Parts for NC Machining 1193 37.3.4 CAD CAM Part Programming 1193 37.3.5 Programming by Scanning and Digitizing 1194 37.3.6 Adaptive Control 1194 37.3.7 Machinability Data Prediction 1195 37.4 INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS 1195 37.4.1 Definition 1195 37.4.2 Robot Configurations 1196 37.4.3 Robot Control and Programming 1197 37.4.4 Robot Applications 1197 37.5 COMPUTERS IN MANUFACTURING 1197 37.5.1 Hierarchical Computer Control 1197 37.5.2 CNC and DNC Systems 1198 37.5.3 The Manufacturing Cell 1198 37.5.4 Flexible Manufacturing Systems 1198 37.6 GROUP TECHNOLOGY 1199 37.6.1 Part Family Formation 1200 37.6.2 Parts Classification and Coding 1200 37.6.3 Production Flow Analysis 1201 37.6.4 Types of Machine Cell Designs 1201 37.6.5 Computer-Aided Process Planning 1203 37.1 INTRODUCTION Modem manufacturing systems are advanced automation systems that use computers as an integral part of their control. Computers are a vital part of automated manufacturing. They control standalone manufacturing systems such as various machine tools welders laser-beam cutters robots and automatic assembly machines. They control production lines and are beginning to take over control of the entire factory. The computer-integrated-manufacturing system CIMS is a reality in the modem industrial society. As illustrated in Fig. 37.1 CIMS combines computer-aided design CAD computer-aided manufacturing CAM