Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

Tài liệu dành cho sinh viên khối ngành Y học tập và tham khảo. Tài liệu tiếng anh trình bày về quá trình trao đổi chất kiềm. | METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Definition: A Primary increase in serum HCO3, which leads to increase in pH >7.45. By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Causes: Loss of Acid: HCL loss by severe vomiting, or nasogastric suction. Chloride loss: Vomiting, villous adenoma, severe diarrhea & diuretics. Loss of Potassium: Diuretics, excess of corticosteroids & hyperaldosteronism. Volume contraction: contraction alkalosis. By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Chloride loss Hypokalemia Volume contraction Loss of Acid Metabolic alkalosis Causes: By: Hussain Al-Baharna By: Hussain Al-Baharna Lumen Blood Basolateral membrane Apical membrane Epithelial Na+ Channel ENaC Na+/K+ ATPase 2K+ 3Na+ Na+ K+ H+ Mineralocorticoid receptor H+ By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS The Value of urine electrolytes: In severe vomiting urine CL 20 & CL>20mEq/L. Corticosteroids & hyperaldosteronism Urine K >40 mEq/L. Contraction alkalosis Urine Na By: Hussain Al-Baharna RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS Causes: Hypoxia: pulm disease, anemia, heart failure, high altitude. Respiratory center stimulation: CNS disorders, liver failure, sepsis, drugs, salicylates, etc. Pulmonary disease: pneumonia, edema, emboli Mechanical hyperventilation. Hysterical. By: Hussain Al-Baharna RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS-ACUTE OR CHRONIC Acute Respiratory Alkalosis: A decrease in PaCO2 by 10 mmHg Increases pH by 0.08. A decrease in PaCO2 by 10 mmHg Decreases HCO3 by 2 mEq/L. Chronic Respiratory Alkalosis: A decrease in PaCO2 by 10 mmHg Increases pH by 0.03. A decrease of PaCO2 by 10 mmHg Decreases HCO3 by 4 mEq/L. By: Hussain Al-Baharna RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS Treatment: . | METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Definition: A Primary increase in serum HCO3, which leads to increase in pH >7.45. By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Causes: Loss of Acid: HCL loss by severe vomiting, or nasogastric suction. Chloride loss: Vomiting, villous adenoma, severe diarrhea & diuretics. Loss of Potassium: Diuretics, excess of corticosteroids & hyperaldosteronism. Volume contraction: contraction alkalosis. By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS Chloride loss Hypokalemia Volume contraction Loss of Acid Metabolic alkalosis Causes: By: Hussain Al-Baharna By: Hussain Al-Baharna Lumen Blood Basolateral membrane Apical membrane Epithelial Na+ Channel ENaC Na+/K+ ATPase 2K+ 3Na+ Na+ K+ H+ Mineralocorticoid receptor H+ By: Hussain Al-Baharna METABOLIC ALKALOSIS The Value of urine electrolytes: In severe vomiting urine CL 20 & CL>20mEq/L. Corticosteroids & hyperaldosteronism Urine K >40 mEq/L. Contraction alkalosis Urine Na<10 mEq/L. By: Hussain .