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Understanding and using english grammar part 11

The bird soaring upward and forward on the cover of this new edition is a swallow. Found throughout the world, swallows are joyful, playful, energetic birds whose comings and goings announce changes in the seasons. | EXERCISE 5. Expressing the future in time clauses. Chart 4-3 Directions Complete the sentences with your own words. 1. When I . . . later this afternoon I . . . . When I go downtown later this afternoon I m going to go to the bank and the post office. 2. After I . . . tomorrow morning I . . . . 3. Tomorrow I . . . before I . . . . 4. I . . . when . . . next year. 5. As soon as class . . . I m going to . 6. I m not going to . . . until my friend . 7. When I . . . tomorrow I . . . . 8. While I m visiting . . . next week I . . . . 4-4 USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND THE SIMPLE PRESENT TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME PRESENT PROGRESSIVE a My wife has an appointment with a doctor. She is seeing Dr. North next Tuesday. b Sam has already made his plans. He is leaving at noon tomorrow. c A What are you going to do this afternoon B After lunch I am meeting a friend of mine. We are going shopping. Would you like to come along The present progressive may be used to express future time when the idea of the sentence concerns a planned event or definite intention. compare A verb such as rain is not used in the present progressive to indicate future time because rain is not a planned event. A future meaning for the present progressive tense is indicated either by future time words in the sentence or by the context. SIMPLE PRESENT d The museum opens at ten tomorrow morning. e Classes begin next week. f John s plane arrives at 6 05 p.m. next Monday. The simple present can also be used to express future time in a sentence concerning events that are on a definite schedule or timetable. These sentences usually contain future time words. Only a few verbs are used in this way e.g. open close begin end start finish arrive leave come return. EXERCISE 6. Using the present progressive and the simple present to express future time. Chart 4-4 Directions Indicate the meaning expressed by the italicized verbs by writing in the future now or habitually in the blanks. 1. I am taking four courses next .