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Mapping TOEFL® iBT Scores to the CEFR: An Application of Standard ...

Identify scores on TOEFL® iBT corresponding to the six proficiency levels of the CEFR Successfully mapped TOEFL® iBT scores to B1 through C1 . | Mapping TOEFL® iBT Scores to the CEFR: An Application of Standard- Setting Methodology Richard J. Tannenbaum E. Caroline Wylie Educational Testing Service EALTA Conference June 2007 Sitges, Spain Purpose • Identify scores on TOEFL® iBT corresponding to the six proficiency levels of the CEFR – A1 and A2 (Basic) – B1 and B2 (Independent) – C1 and C2 (Proficient) • Focus on candidates with “just enough” language skills to be classified into each CEFR level • Classifications by test section – Writing, Speaking, Listening, Reading 2 Mapping Process • Expert panel – 23 language specialists from 16 EU countries – Familiar with TOEFL®, English language instruction, learning and assessment, and the CEFR • Standard setting approaches – Performance-sample (Profile) approach for Writing and Speaking – Modified Angoff approach for Reading and Listening 3 Familiarization/Calibration • Pre-meeting Assignment – Familiarization with CEFR Levels – Review selected tables in the CEFR – Write down key skills of candidates just performing at each CEFR level – Done for Writing, Speaking, Listening, Reading • During Meeting – Calibration to CEFR Levels – Consensus on skills expected of candidates just performing at each level – Pre-meeting assignment, small-group and whole-panel discussions 4 Sample Level Descriptors Speaking B1 B2 • Speaks with some fluency • Gives clear detailed descriptions • Copes with everyday situations and prepared presentations • Briefly gives reasons and • Develops clear arguments with explanations relevant examples on wide range • Describes and briefly explains-- of topics in field of interest with preparation--graphs/tables in • Sustains conversation with degree field of interest of fluency and spontaneity • Speaks about familiar abstract • Takes listener and cultural context thoughts, feelings into account • Maintains one-on-one • Speaks without causing undue conversations, but may need stress to the listener assistance 5 Profile Approach • Initial focus on .