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Lithium extraction from geothermal waters; a case study of Ömer-Gecek (Afyonkarahisar) geothermal area

Lithium (Li) is the lightest metal, has unique physicochemical properties and is the main component of lithium-ion batteries. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries play a very important role in maximizing the performance of electric devices and vehicles. It is predicted that the metal and mineral demand for lithium-ion batteries will increase 56 times by 2050. In order to meet the increasing demand, in addition to known methods, lithium recovery from geothermal waters has become a very popular research subject. There are abundant geothermal water resources in the world, especially in Turkey and in Afyonkarahisar. | Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences Turkish J Earth Sci 2021 30 1208-1220 http journals.tubitak.gov.tr earth TÜBİTAK Research Article doi 10.3906 yer-2105-29 Lithium extraction from geothermal waters a case study of Ömer-Gecek Afyonkarahisar geothermal area 1 2 2 3 Muhammed Fatih CAN Can BAŞARAN Ahmet YILDIZ Müfit DEMİRKAPI 1 Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering Afyon Kocatepe University Afyonkarahisar Turkey 2 Department of Geological Engineering Faculty of Engineering Afyon Kocatepe University Afyonkarahisar Turkey 3 Department of Geological Engineering Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Afyon Kocatepe University Afyonkarahisar Turkey Received 16.05.2021 Accepted Published Online 17.10.2021 Final Version 01.12.2021 Abstract Lithium Li is the lightest metal has unique physicochemical properties and is the main component of lithium-ion batteries. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries play a very important role in maximizing the performance of electric devices and vehicles. It is predicted that the metal and mineral demand for lithium-ion batteries will increase 56 times by 2050. In order to meet the increasing demand in addition to known methods lithium recovery from geothermal waters has become a very popular research subject. There are abundant geothermal water resources in the world especially in Turkey and in Afyonkarahisar. The aim of this study is to produce an adsorbent for the retention of lithium in geothermal waters and to remove lithium ions from geothermal water with the help of this adsorbent. Geothermal samples for lithium enrichment were obtained from Ömer-Gecek Afyonkarahisar where hosts geothermal resources with low-medium enthalpy containing 3.5 mg L Li. In this context an inorganic adsorbent was developed by using MnCO3 LiOH and sodium silicate. The characterization and performance parameters of the adsorbent were investigated. As a result of adsorption experiments in fixed bed column we can perform calculations based