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Research progress of moyamoya disease in children

During the onset of Moyamoya disease (MMD), progressive occlusion occurs at the end of the intracranial internal carotid artery, and compensatory net-like abnormal vessels develop in the skull base, generating the corresponding clinical symptoms. | Int. J. Med. Sci. 2015 Vol. 12 566 IVYSPRING ĩtttonmtìnníií ImiYìi.nl n-C OM ơrdrnf ĩriữnrữc INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHER international journal Oj jVLeaicai Sciences 2015 12 7 566-575. doi 10.7150 ijms.11719 Review Research Progress of Moyamoya Disease in Children Jianmin Piao Wei Wu Zhongxi Yang Jinlu Yu E Department of Neurosurgery First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P.R. China El Corresponding author Jinlu Yu Department of Neurosurgery First Hospital of Jilin University 71 Xinmin Street Changchun 130021 P.R. China. Email jinluyu@hotmail.com 2015 Ivyspring International Publisher. Reproduction is permitted for personal noncommercial use provided that the article is in whole unmodified and properly cited. See http ivyspring.com terms for terms and conditions. Received 2015.01.28 Accepted 2015.06.02 Published 2015.07.03 Abstract During the onset of Moyamoya disease MMD progressive occlusion occurs at the end of the intracranial internal carotid artery and compensatory net-like abnormal vessels develop in the skull base generating the corresponding clinical symptoms. MMD can affect both children and adults but MMD in pediatric patients exhibits distinct clinical features and the treatment prognoses are different from adult patients. Children are the group at highest risk for MMD. In children the disease mainly manifests as ischemia while bleeding is the primary symptom in adults. The pathogenesis of MMD in children is still unknown and some factors are distinct from those in adults. MMD in children could result in progressive irreversible nerve functional impairment and an earlier the onset corresponds to a worse prognosis. Therefore active treatment at an early stage is highly recommended. The treatment methods for MMD in children mainly include indirect and direct surgeries. Indirect surgeries mainly include multiple burr-hole surgery MBHS en-cephalomyosynangiosis EMS and encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis EDAS direct surgeries mainly include intra- and .