Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Lecture Introduction to economics: Social issues and economic thinking: Chapter 16 - Wendy A. Stock

Chapter 16 - Pollution, the environment, and global warming. After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the benefits and costs of pollution, model the externalities associated with pollution, describe the policy responses to pollution,. | Introduction to Economics: Social Issues and Economic Thinking Wendy A. Stock PowerPoint Prepared by Z. Pan Chapter 16 Pollution, The Environment, and Global Warming Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / ©RelaxFoto.de/iStockphoto 1 Describe the benefits and costs of pollution Model the externalities associated with pollution Describe the policy responses to pollution Assess methods to address pollution problems Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2 After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 2 Pollution is contamination of the environment that causes instability, harm, or disruption to ecosystems. Pollution can be naturally occurring or human-induced. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 3 what is pollution? 3 There are many benefits of pollution: Using cars, trains, and airplanes generates such benefits as faster transportation, face-to-face communication, and increased ability to trade goods and services with others. TV sets, refrigerators, Washing machines powered by electricity generation Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4 Benefits of pollution? 4 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 5 Marginal benefits of electricity generation 5 Costs of pollution include: negative health impacts climate change changes in wildlife habitat environmental degradation changes in property values various costs of generating electricity Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 6 costs of pollution 6 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7 Marginal Costs from Electricity Generation 7 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8 The Optimal Level of Pollution 8 Externalities occur when some of the costs or benefits of a trade are imposed on people outside the trade. People outside a trade are called third parties to the trade. Negative Externalities are costs imposed on third parties. Positive Externalities are benefits bestowed on third parties . Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 9 EXTERNALITIES 9 Private Marginal Costs are marginal costs . | Introduction to Economics: Social Issues and Economic Thinking Wendy A. Stock PowerPoint Prepared by Z. Pan Chapter 16 Pollution, The Environment, and Global Warming Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / ©RelaxFoto.de/iStockphoto 1 Describe the benefits and costs of pollution Model the externalities associated with pollution Describe the policy responses to pollution Assess methods to address pollution problems Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2 After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 2 Pollution is contamination of the environment that causes instability, harm, or disruption to ecosystems. Pollution can be naturally occurring or human-induced. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 3 what is pollution? 3 There are many benefits of pollution: Using cars, trains, and airplanes generates such benefits as faster transportation, face-to-face communication, and increased ability to trade goods and services with others. TV sets, refrigerators, Washing machines .