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Diversity and ecology of benthic algae in Karagöl Lake, Karagöl–Sahara National Park (Şavşat, Artvin, Turkey)

According to the benthic algal composition and indicator species, it is estimated that Karagöl Lake has mesotrophic lake characteristics. This is the first study of benthic algal flora of Karagöl Lake and marks a significant contribution to the knowledge of Karagöl–Sahara National Park’s aquatic biodiversity. | Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2016) 40: 645-661 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/bot-1601-19 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ Research Article Diversity and ecology of benthic algae in Karagöl Lake, Karagöl–Sahara National Park (Şavşat, Artvin, Turkey) 1 2, Bülent AKAR , Bülent ŞAHİN * Kürtün Vocational School, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Fatih Education Faculty, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey 1 Received: 13.01.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 19.06.2016 Final Version: 06.12.2016 Abstract: Benthic algal flora of Karagöl Lake, its seasonal variation, and the physical and chemical parameters of the water were studied between October 2008 and September 2010. The algal flora consisted of 112 taxa belonging to the divisions Charophyta (41), Chlorophyta (33), Cyanobacteria (18), Euglenozoa (17), Miozoa (2), and Ochrophyta (1). Six desmid taxa found in this research are new records for the freshwater algal flora of Turkey. The qualitative dominance of benthic taxa typical of slightly alkaline and mesotrophic ecosystems was observed. The qualitative and seasonal variations in epipelic taxa analyzed were dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of the water. Water quality was analyzed on the basis of benthic taxa, which are bioindicators. The physicochemical properties of the water are suitable for the development of a rich algal flora (especially desmids). According to the benthic algal composition and indicator species, it is estimated that Karagöl Lake has mesotrophic lake characteristics. This is the first study of benthic algal flora of Karagöl Lake and marks a significant contribution to the knowledge of Karagöl–Sahara National Park’s aquatic biodiversity. Key words: Benthic algae, Karagöl Lake, Karagöl–Sahara National Park, Turkey 1. Introduction Karagöl–Sahara was declared a national park by the Ministry of Forests in 1994. It is located in the Şavşat district of Artvin in the Eastern Black .